HIST 105 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. Great AwakeningII. EnlightenmentOutline of Current Lecture I. French and Indian War II. Writs of Assistance III. Native American Policy IV. British National DebtV. New Laws Current Lectureo 1700-1750- benign neglect by William and Mary and Queen Anne- Let colonists smuggle as long as England continues to prosper (economy) I. French and Indian War - French and Indians vs. Colonists and British Soldiers- “7 Years War” - In Europe (1756-1763)- In colonies (1754-1763) o 1754- George Washington will surrender Fort Necessity on the Pennsylvania Frontier (starts war)- Representatives from all of the colonies (and some Mohawks) meet in 1754 in Albany, NY to decide how to fight the French and Indians  Form the Albany Plan or Plan of Union (Ben Franklin’s idea)  All colonies share men, money, and munitions  All colonial legislators say no o 1754-1756- all of the different colonies fight separately o 1756- “Redcoats” sent to defend the colonists - Tons of friction - British WinThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Sign Peace of Paris  Get New France (Rename Canada) Get all land between Appalachian Mountains and Mississippi River- War Leads to Three Major Conflicts between the British and the Colonists 1.) Writs of Assistance 2.) Native American Policy 3.) British National Debt II. Writs of Assistance - Begin during French and Indian War and will be extended with the Sugar Act - Molasses and Rum from Sugar Islands  Colonists continue to trade with the “Good French” - British issue Writs of Assistance (blank search warrants) Look for goods smuggled by the French Islands  Violates the Rights of Englishmen III. Native American Policy - How to get the two groups (colonists and Indians) to get along o 1763- at the end of the war, after treaty signed, Pontiac’s Rebellion - ~ 2,000 colonists killed - Proclamation Line of 1763  Also station 10,000 soldiers in North America to defend the colonists fromthe Indians and the French who stayed behind  Colonists send representatives to England to argue against line  Violates the Rights of Englishmen (to own property) Line repealed but 10,000 soldiers stay in colonies and the colonists fear a standing army which also violates the Rights of Englishmen IV. British National Debt - Double because of the French and Indian War  Taxes o 1764- Sugar (Revenue) Act- Extend the use of Writs of Assistance - Money from this tax does not go to pay off the British debt, but will be used to pay colonial administrators - Cut tax on molasses in half (used to make rum) - Placed a new tax on sugar, coffee, and wine (very low tax) - Only hurts those rich enough to buy those expensive goods - If you smuggle sugar, coffee, wine, or rum, you will be tried in a military court and not by a jury of your peers (violated the Rights of Englishmen) o 1764- Currency Act - Must pay taxes with British currency - Farmers don't have cash (take land if they can't pay) o 1765-Stamp Act - Tax that had been used in England since 1694- Collecting 300,000 sterling/year in England - Tax paper products (hurt the middling to wealthy people) - In Boston, they form the Loyal 9 Ritual Protest  Andrew Oliver (Stamp Tax Collector)  Effigy (Dummy/Scarecrow of Oliver) Beat, shoot, and decapitate effigy  Steal his booze  Lt. Governor Hutchinson (colonist)  Repeat effigy and booze again  Take everything from his house  Ebenezer MacIntosh (Shoemaker)  Controls South of Boston  Form Alliance - New York City- Sons of Liberty (Protest Group)  Ritual Protests  New colonies-wide group called Sons of