ArtH 1001 1st Edition Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture I. StupasII. Dream of MayaIII. Meditation of BuddhaIV. Gift of the Jetavana GardenV. Vidhura Pandita JatakaVI. Golden Deer JatakaVII. The Great Stupa at Sanchi VIII. Conversion of the KashyapasIX. Overcoming MaraX. East GateOutline of Current Lecture I. Characters of Romanesque ArchitectureII. GothicIII. Principle Characters of Gothic ArchitectureIV. Paris, Cathedral of Notre DameV. Cathedral of ChartresVI. Reims, CathedralVII. Paris, Sainte ChapelleCurrent LectureDate: February 17, 2015Title: Western Medieval Art (2)Professor: Roberta BartoliReadings:Art through the Ages, Book B, pp. 365-392These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Terms:Stained glass: In Gothic architecture, the colored glass used for windows. (Book B, 12)Buttress: an exterior masonry structure that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or a vault. A pier buttress is a solid mass of masonry. A flying buttress consists typically of an inclined member carried on an arch or a series of arches and a solid buttress to which it transmits lateralthrust. (Book B, 184)Works:- St. Denis, Choir, 1140-1144, Paris, France- West façade, sculptures of the central portal, Chartres, France, 1145-55- Annunciation (ca. 1230-1255) and Visitation (ca. 1230), west façade, central portal sculptures, Reims, France- St. Joseph Window, stained glass, between 1205 and 1235, Chartres Cathedral, France- Ste. Chapelle, 1243-1248, Paris, FranceI. Characters of Romanesque Architecture- Thick walls- Barrel Vaults/cross vaults, weighting on sturdy piers/columns- Full volumes prevail on openings- DarknessII. Gothic - Ile de France, the French region where Gothic stylestarted - St. Denis- Abbey of Saint Denis (France)o First example of Gothic styles o Same: Thick wallso Different: Big rose windowDyonisius the Areopagitas - Greek philosopher follow of St. Paul- 1st century CE- Pseudo- Dyonisus the Areopagitas - 6th Century CE- Wrongly identified by Abbot Suger with St Denis, first bishop of France- Saint Denis lived in the third century CE- He was beheadedSaint Denis Choir- Light filters through the windows- Symbol of God- Ribbed Vault in ambulatoryThe Pointed Arch- Abbot Suger responsible for making the choir sodecorated- The half circle arch functions well over a square bayarea- Over a rectangular bay the half circle arch lowers theceiling at two points- The pointed arch made a continuous ceiling level possibleIII. Principle Characters of Gothic Architecture:- Vaults with pointed arches that allow to vault irregular spaces- Great elevation- Tall windows (stained glass)- ButtressesIV. Paris, Cathedral of Notre Dame - Landmark- Geometric scheme of the façade: the modular unit is the square inwhich the rose window is included- Combination of reason and faith; combination of geometry andbeautyV. Cathedral of Chartres- Flying buttresses - Space between buttresses filled with windows- Symbolic-Worshipped Relic-Shirt of Virgin Mary (wore when shegave birth to Christ)- West Façadeo Christ in Majesty-Surrounded by the Tetramorph (symbolsof the Evangelists)o Served as advertisement for school in ChatresChartres, Sculptures in the jamb- Distant expressions, not connected to viewers, no empathy with viewer- Cheekbone, real face- Jambs represent kings (very high relief)Stained Glass- If fine details such as shadows or outlines are required, the artist paintsthem on with black- Armature: a shaped iron framework inserted into a window-opening toprovide support for panels of stained glass. Armatures were used untilthe late 13th century- The designs portrayed on these stained glass windows can be figurativeor non- figurative. They might incorporate drawn out from the Bible,history and literatureVI. Reims, Cathedral , Façade (1225-1299) - Tympanums are opened with stained glass windows- Virgin Mary important during Gothic Era- Rose window added in the 15th century- Representing the last judgmentSt Joseph Window- Filled with scenes - Include wheel and bankers - More about phenomenon of light than stories- Suger had window madeVII. Paris, Sainte Chapelle- Private chapel of King- The West upper porch was the direct passage between the king’sapartments and the upper chapel- Representations from the Book of KingsThe Relic of the Crown of Thorns - Christ was tortured, scorched and then proclaimed to be the kingof the Christians, and crowned with