SOC 3310 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 6Lecture 1 (January 8)I. What is social psychology?The Systematic and empirical study of social behavior. Three parts: “Thinking or cognition”, social influence, social relations and emotionsII. Social Cognition: How we think about other people and ourselves in social situations.a. Impression formation: Do first impressions last over time?b.Attributions for self and other: The “fundamental attribution error.” Situation/circumstances vs. who the person actually is.c.Attitude-behavior consistency: Do attitudes predict behavior or vice versa?III. Social Influence: How others influence our behavior and vice versa.a. Conformity: Milgram shock experiments revisited.i. Following orders-Nazi Germany educated leaders (engineers and doctors). ii. Humans are obedient-even more so with the threat of punishment.b. Altruism and bystander apathy: When are we most likely to help someone in need? (Bedford, Massachusetts rape case, and Kitty Genovese murder)i. If everyone passes on the responsibility of taking action to protect others, no one will do anything.ii. Survivor of Winter 1982 plane crash into the Potomac river passes rescue basketto other survivors before himself ending in his drowning in the river due to hypothermia. IV. Ethical Issues in social psychological research.a. Experiments must be approved by ethics committeesb. No psychological or physical harm may be threatened during the experiment or be a potential side effect after.c. Informed consent must be given to participants of the study.d. Participant may terminate participation at any time during the experiment.V. Introduction to social relations, feelings and emotions.a. Close personal relationships: How do people fall in love? i. Developing relationship with mother between 6-8 months of life affects how people form relationships with others throughout life. Attachment styles: securely attached, insecurely attached, detached.ii. We seek familiarly and similar attachment styles in romantic partners.Lecture 2 (January 15)II. Re-cap of last lecturea. A Letter from Fred youtube video - How do we feel love?III. Social relations, feelings, and emotion.a. Love, emotion, and physical aggressioni. Power of others on personal behavior-hazingii. To what extent to we have free will vs. the influence of others upon us.iii. News videos- Texas man who shot a drunk driver that killed the man’s 2 sons in front of him. Impressions? Vs. a 16 drunk driver killing 4 people with no punishment due to “Affluenza”-an affect where the rich suffer minimal to no punishment for breaking laws.IV. Why is social psychology important? Applying social psychology to social problems in history.a. Holocaust and racismi. Genocide and extreme racism still exist in modern society. 1. Klu Klux Klan in America2. Uganda against LGBT and AIDS community.b. De-individualizing a person makes it easier for another person to harm them.i. Stripping of all identity. Nazi Germany. Stanford prison experimentii. Anonymity of perpetrator- electric chair has two buttons. Firing quads with only one live shell. ISIS beheading uniformV. Film: The Power of the Situationa. Classic experiments in social psychologyb. Know the following experiments, what procedures were used, what the experiment found, and why it was importanti. Kurt Lewin: Study Leadership Style1. The power of leadership style. A man was put in charge of a group of young boys being instructed to follow a certain leadership style with them. The study found that the group with an Autocratic style leader worked the hardest, but only when the leader was watching. The boys were very aggressive and hostile, modeling miniature fascists. The Democratic leadership style inspired the most playfulness and creativity, including mutual affirmations. In the Liassez-faire style of leadership wasthe least effective in that the group did no work. The study showed that social situations dramatically impact individual behaviors.ii. S. Asch: Study of Conformity-line experiment1. Asch showed study participants a set of lines and asked which line was the same length as his example. Although the answer was seemingly obvious, many participants changed their answer when other members of the test group picked another line that was obviously incorrect-straying from their initial pick.iii. S. Milgram: Study of Obedience-shock experiment1. In this experiment Milgram instructed individuals to up the voltage of shocks administered to people taking a test when they answered the wrong question. Most people thought that the individuals would stop administering shocks after 150v, but most went all the way to 450v. The study showed that people are very obedient to orders given to them from an authority source and can do things that they never thought theywould be capable of doing-specifically inflicting harm on others.iv. P. Zimbardo: Stanford Prison Experiment1. Subjects in the experiment were randomly given uniforms portraying them as either prisoners or guards. The experiment showed how easily people conform to social roles they are expected to play. The guards became controlling, aggressive, and cruel while the prisoners weresubmissive and cowering. The experiment was planned to go on for 14 days-but was stopped after only 6. Prisoners became extremely stress and anxiety ridden.v. Tom Moriarity: Bystander Apathy Experiment1. Strangers will only protect something when asked-only when a personal responsibility is established.vi. Ellen Langer: Expectations of visual performance in flight situation1. ROTC students were given standardized vision tests for an initial vision score. Half of the subjects were then given pilot uniforms and taken into a life like flight simulator. The simulator also had the same standardized vison test and the test groups were unknowingly asked to retake it whilein simulation (letters on the sides of other planes)-the test group treatedlike pilots had a 40% increased score on the simulator vision test as compared to other ROTC students who were not treated like pilots and were told the simulator was broken had no change in vision test score.Lecture 3 (January 22) I. Emotional Attachment: Central to human’s survival?a. H.Harlow (1959): Study of monkeys raised with wire and cloth mothers to demonstrate the importance of contact comfort. i. Monkeys preferred cloth mothers which could provide warmth over wire mothers who could provide food.b. Spitz (1940): Study