Psych 150a1 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture II. therapeutic approacha. 6 conditions necessary for changeb. personal growthIII. gastalt therapyIV. behavioral therapiesa. classical conditioning techniques (flooding/systematic desensitization, exposure and responsive prevention, aversive conditions)V. treating a phobia, key behavioral techniquesa. systematic desensitization b. floodingVI. classical conditioning of aversionVII. operant conditioning and contingency managementVIII. cognitive therapiesa. rational emotive behavior therapyb. common irrational beliefsOutline of Current Lecture IX. beck’s cognitive (behavioral) therapya. automatic thoughtsX. ellis’ model of maladaptive behaviora. activating eventb. beliefs about activating event (irrational)c. consequences (negative)XI. group therapiesXII. psychotherapy= “dodo bird verdict”a. the ultimate questionXIII. biological therapiesXIV.antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, mood stablilizers, anti anxiety drugs, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)XV. psychosurgeryXVI. drugs vs. psychotherapya. which is better?Current Lecture- Beck’s cognitive (behavioural) therapyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Automatic thoughts= thoughts people have about life and the self that may be unreasonable but are accepted as accurateo Automatic thoughts cause depression and anxietyo Goal= teach clients to challenge thoughtso Also involves negative views of past, present and future experienceso This therapy is highly effective treatment for depression and anxiety- Ellis’ model of maladaptive behavioro Activating evento Beliefs about activating event (irrational)o Consequences (negative)- Group therapieso Therapist analyzes clients interactingo Group members can boost each other’s self-confidence and self acceptance and learn from eachothero Family therapy= concentrates on family interaction/communication patterns- Psychotherapyo “dodo bird verdict”o problems with evaluating psychotherapy how should improvement be measured broad range of clients, therapists, and treatments are involvedo ultimate question: “what treatment by whom, is most effective for this individual with that specific problem, under what set of circumstances?”- biological therapieso psychoactive drugs highly successful in reducing in-patient population- antipsychotic drugso Phenothizines , butyrophenones May cause tardive dyskenesiao Atypical antipsychotis (clozapine and risperidone) Clozapine has a risk of producing blood clots- Antidepressantso Trycyclics ( amitriptyline, imipramine) Anticholinergic side effectso Serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (prozac, paxil, Zoloft) SSRIs have fewer side effects- Mood stabilizerso Lithium evens out the mood swings of bipolar patients (must be carefully monitored)o Anticonvulsants (depakote and tegretol)- Anti anxiety drugso Barbiturates (overdoses can be fatal)o Benzodiasapines (ativan, valium, xanax) Problems with abrupt withdrawal (rebound anxiety) and possible addiction Less danger of overdose- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)o An effective treatment for depression and mania not responsive to drugso May cause temporary memory losso Works by altering neurotransmitter balance- Psychosurgeryo Lobotomies (prefrontal and portions of the frontal lobe are separated from the thalamus)o Cingulotomies and other microsurgeries sometimes done today- Drugs and psychotherapy, which is better?o Depends on the disordero Combined treatments work better for ADHD, OCD, alcoholism, chronic depression,