Bio 150 1st EditionExam # 1 - If the Atomic Number for an element is 8, then the Atomic Weight is likely to be about: o 16 - The chemical properties of an element (how it will react with other elements) is determined by: o The number of electrons needed to fill the outermost shell - What is most likely to happen when a sodium and chlorine react? o Sodium will lose an electron and become a cation - What is most likely to happen when hydrogen and oxygen react? o They will share a pair of electrons but the oxygen will get a “bigger” share, forming a polar molecule - Water molecules are attracted to each other by: o Hydrogen bonds in both water and ice - For two bodies of matter in contact, heat always flows from: o The body of higher temperature to the one of lower temperature - If the molecular weight of a molecule were 120, how many grams would be required to make one liter of a 1 molar solution? o 120 grams - If a solution has a hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of 10-5 M, the pH would be ___ and the solution would be_____? o 5, acidic - Proteins are composed of: o Amino acids - Which functional group is most responsible for organic molecules behaving as acids? o Carboxyl - True or False: Cows can survive by eating cellulose because they can synthesize digestive enzymes in their saliva that break down cellulose o False- Carbohydrates differ from hydrocarbons in that hydrocarbons do not contain oxygen and they have more calories o True- How does a phospholipid molecule behave? o The phosphate head is attracted to water molecules - The cell membrane of a typical eukaryotic cell is composed of: o A lipid bilayer with proteins on, in and through the membrane - Consider the situation of an animal cell suspended in a dish of very salty water. o The solution is hypertonic and water will flow out of the cell. - To exit the nucleus large molecules such as mRNA: o Pass thru pores in the nuclear membrane - Which structure is most closely associated with protein processing and sorting? o Rough ER and golgi apparatus - The cytoskeletal component composed of coils of tubulin is the o Microtubule - True or False: Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria.o True - Which (if any) of the following is not common to all living organisms? o All of the above are properties of living organisms - The structure associated with the digestion or destruction of large molecules is: o Lysosome - In a eukaryotic cell the linear chromosomes are found in the: o Nucleus - What are the main biological theories? o Evolution o Cell o Genetics - True or False: According to the scientific method the opinion of a respected authority must be true even if it is contradicted by repeated valid experiments. o False - According to the idea of emergent properties, as one examines molecules then cells then tissues then organisms the level of complexity: o Increases - How do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes? o A Prokaryote lacks a nucleus - Which of the following is not an element, as modern scientists understand them? o Water - What happens when a glass of water evaporates? o A water molecule at the surfaces breaks all the hydrogen bonds holding it to its neighbors and floats away - True or False: Energy is required to form a covalent bond and energy is released when acovalent bond is broken. o False - A molecule of glucose contains how many carbon atoms? o 6 - In order to fill its outer or valence shell oxygen needs: o 2 electrons - What is incorrect about enzymes? o An enzyme accelerates a metabolic reaction by altering the overall free-energy change for the reaction - The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in oxidative phosphorylation is: o Oxygen - Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm; the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation take place in the mitochondrion. o True - As the molecule of citrate passes clockwise through the Krebs (citric acid) cycle what is its fate? o It is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons - In respiration, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, CO2 is produced (meaning: is a main feature of): o During the Krebs cycle 5- Yeast produce alcohol during fermentation because: o They lack oxygen to accept electrons - If a molecule of glucose is metabolized completely the most ATP is produced from: o Oxidative phosphorylation using the NADH from the Krebs cycle - When the atoms that make up most of a living organism (H, C, N and O) interact they: o Share electrons in their outer shell forming covalent bonds - If equal weight samples of water and iron are subjected to equal amounts of heat: o The temperature of the iron will raise more rapidly - Which statement regarding oxidative phosphorylation is most correct? o The movement of protons powers the ATP synthetase complex to make ATP - Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is correct? o They contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats - Cellulose and starch differ because: o The glucose rings in cellulose and starch are closed in different configurations 6 - True or False: If a reaction is exothermic (exergonic) the products will contain more energy than the reactants o False- Which carbohydrate contains more branches in its structure: the plant starch amylose or the animal starch glycogen.o The animal starch glycogen- In the Scientific Method (or process) a theory is: o A collection of related hypotheses that have been tested many times and not rejected, like the atomic theory, cell theory or the theory of