Psyx 385 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture I. Freud Biosketch and theoretical originsII. Concepts and Models of the MindIII. Lasting ContributionsIV. Criticism and LimitationsOutline of Current Lecture I. Recap of Psychoanalytic IdeasII. Continuing the Topographic ModelIII. The Energy and Drive-Instinct ModelsIV. The Structural ModelV. Mechanisms of DefenseCurrent LectureSigmund Freud and the Psychoanalytic AspectPsychoanalytic ideas: Recap1.) The fundamental assumption: Opposing conscious ‘will’ is an equal or greater unconscious2.) Topographic Model: Cs, PCs, UCsa. Determinism: symptoms/behavior have meaning; caused by somethingTopographic Model Cont’d:1.) determinism: behavior driven by causes that are often unconsciousa. hypnosis and free association (the ‘fundamental rule’)b. dreams: “royal road” to the unconsciousi. manifest vs. latent content:1. M: surface…2. L: underlying meaning; often reflects unacceptable/threatening materialThe Energy and Drive- Instinct Models:These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1.) Motives represent a form of psychic energy (mental energy)a. Follows general lawsi. Seeks expressionii. Motives can be suppressed, not destroyed1. Expressed by conversion (e.g., ‘freudian slip’; symptom expression)Human Nature & Drive-Instinct1.) human beings (like other animals) are driven toward…a. self preservationb. preservation of the speciesi. society requires inhibition of instinctual urges2.) Basic instincts/motives= sex and aggressiona. Libido= sexual drive: desire, pleasure seeking, sensuality, tension releaseb. These are innate; we can only try to adaptThe Structural Model: Freud’s last (1923/1933)1.) structural components of personality:a. Id (the ‘it’): Primitive and instinctive; houses innate drivesi. Pleasure principle: there is no ‘delay’ in gratificationii. Present and unopposed in infantb. Superego (the “Over I”): Internalized standards of right and wrongi. Two elements:1. Ego-Ideal: What one is striving to bea. ‘should’ or ‘ought-to’2. Conscience: What one is striving NOT to bea. ‘should not’ or ‘ought-not’c. Ego (the “I”):i. The moderator…responsible for compromise formationii. Reality Principle:1. Given the social world and the demands it places on human experiences, how can we meet best the needs inherent in the Id and the demands inherent in the Superego2. Develops over timeThe Structural Model: Summary1.) compromises demands from 3 ‘tyrannical masters’:a. basic drivesb. …morals/standards (superego)c. …external realityMechanisms of Defense: Key IdeasRecall ego’s role as moderator…1.) conflict (id v. reality; id v. superego) yields anxiety2.) ego tasked with anxiety reduction and preventiona. holds urges at bay, shunts or delays urges, distorts realist, etc.3.) Defense defined: unconscious processes that guard against anxietya. Different defenses arise at different developmental levelsb. Defense ‘maturity’ reflects, in part, the degree to which def ‘distorts’