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WVU COMM 105 - Exam 1 Study Guide

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COMM 105 1nd Edition STUDY GUIDE TEST 1 Chapter 1 – What is Mediated Communication?Communication – there are many definitions of communication. McCroskey and Richmond defined it as the process by which we stimulate meaning in the minds of others using both verbal and nonverbal messages. - An action that a person consciously uses to affect another person’s behaviors- It can be unintentional- Depends on the sender or receiver of the messageo Extreme Versions: Receiver oriented and Sender Oriented – depends on the intentions of the sender and/or receiverCommunication is:- An ongoing process- An audience centered activity and/or pursuit- Made possible through nonverbal or verbal actions. However we tend to believe a person’s nonverbal actions more than their verbal actions.Audience-centered process – making sure to consider your receivers’ goals, attitudes, knowledge and so on when attempting to influence them through communicationComponents of Communication - Source – the person/place/thing from which communication originates - Encoding – a process of choosing the symbols to use to attempt to get a meaning across to another person’ turning meaning into symbols- Message – the actual symbols used in an attempt to share meaning- Channel – what a sources uses to send a message through- Receiver – the target of a message; whose mind the source wants to stimulate meaning in- Decoding – a sort of reverse process to encoding; turning symbols back into meaning - Feedback – messages sent back to a source about the original messages sent1- Noise – something that impedes successful transmission of a message. This can be literal noise, but can be other things as well.Shannon-Weaver model of communication Information Source -> Transmitter->Signal = Received Signal-> Receiver->Destination Mass Communication – Communication from a singular and impersonal source to a large and anonymous audience- There is a lack of individual audience control- Finite in available channels-Delayed Feedback- Example: if you want to get a TV show off the air because you don’t like it, you have to do more than not watching it. You have to convince a lot of people to stop watching it, to really get the TV producers attention.o Lack of audience control over the messages being produced.o Delayed FeedbackMediated Communication – communication that relies on a technology channel in order to end a message between two entities- Can be mass communication or interpersonal = mediated communication finds a happy medium between the two.- Focuses on what people actually want to see/hear because we are using technology to be interactive and exclusive.- We use interpersonal means to send out mass message, which blurs the lines between media.o If you have a secret that you actually want everyone to know, you will tell a person you know can’t keep secrets. Mediated Media Mass Media- Wider variety of channels - Few communication channels- Smaller more conspicuous audiences - Large, anonymous audiences- User Controlled - Sender Controlled- 2-way interactive communication - 1- way communication- Experimental Learning - Observational Learning- Example: Facebook, Twitter - Example: Newspaper, TelevisionNarrowcasting – transmitting information to smaller, less anonymous and more well-defined audiencesInterpersonal Communication – Communication between two individuals who share some sort of relationshipChanges in Mediated Communication- Digitization – converting information into binary code to be decoded upon request by a computer processor.- Binary Code – the language of computing technology, this is the storing of information in electrical circuits using a series of 1 and 0 commands to represent onand offMass-personal Communication – Patrick O’Sullivan’s idea that technology makes the division between mass and interpersonal communication blurry, and thus we should look for more useful distinctions in communicationo We use interpersonal channels for mass reasons Example: Marriage proposal on a jumbotron at a sporting evento We use mass channels for interpersonal reasons Example: posting a message on your friends Facebook timeline, that all of his friends and your friends can see- We call it Mass-personal Communicationo It’s a better way to describe how we interact with our technology- Mass-personal communication characteristicso Message Personalization, the degree to which a message was written intended for a particular individual o Message Access Exclusivity, the degree to which a message is accessible to the public.o Narrowcasting – creating content for a specific and smaller audience TV narrowcasts = while it’s a mass channel the channels have a specific audience, because there are so many channels, there’s one for everyone’s interests.Higher Exclusivity (private)Interpesronal Masspersonal Communication: Communication:Private & Personal Private & ImpersonalHigher LowerPersonalization PersonalizationMass-personal Mass Communication: Communication:Public & Personal Public & ImpersonalLower Exclusivity (public)Wrap Up: What is CMC?CMC is communication that takes place using computers. More emphasis is placed upon communication, rather than computer; although the particular channel provides interesting questions and answers. Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)Computer (the use of computing technologies)Mediated (that carry messages)Communication (to stimulate meaning in the minds of others)- What role do computers play in the process of communication?o Technology and computers have made life less private, but communication easiero It changes the way we communicateo It means that small talk might be a thing of the past We research/ stalk people before we meet them, so we already know their interests before we meet them. So we can skip the small talk and go straight to the real content.Chapter 2 – What is the Internet?Internet – as a common noun, a network of networks; as a proper noun, the global networkof networks. It is a communication tool that is used for a variety of purposes.The Internet is…- A connection of internets (series of networks) using TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)- Arpen Net, which appeared in the 1960’s, was the earliest form of the Internet. Itconsisted of four universities out West that decided to link their computer systems in order to share research easier. - The Internet is a prime example of


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WVU COMM 105 - Exam 1 Study Guide

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