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UMKC HISTORY 102 - Progressivism from the Grass Roots to the White House

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HIST 102 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture A. William McKinley and his foreign policyB. Theodore Roosevelt became PresidentC. Roosevelt and the Panama CanalD. U.S. and its naval powerE. The Progressive Movement BeganOutline of Current LectureA. Progressive Reform in the U.S.B. Progressivism in governmentC. Business ReformD. Temperance MovementE. Teddy Roosevelt’s Square DealCurrent LectureA. Progressive Reform in the U.S.a. The movement had many pieces, political and socialb. Beginning as a grassroots movement, it eventually moved to the White HouseB. Progressivism in governmenta. The movement inspired many new innovations in government, most of which were focused on breaking the hold of political bosses and returning voice to the peopleb. There were several distinct aspects the political reform looked fori. Direct primaries: popular vote to select candidates rather than “leaders” of the party choosing ii. Initiative: the power to propose new legislation through a petition of a certain number of signatures, getting an issue on the ballotiii. Referendum: a measure that appears on the ballotThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iv. Recall: the power to remove and replace an elected official from office before the end of a term through a petition with the required number of valid signaturesc. The 17th Amendment, 1913i. Established the election of U.S. senators by popular voted. The 19th Amendment, 1920i. Granted women the right to vote, prohibiting denial to vote on the basis of sexC. Business Reforma. Reformers sought a shorter work day, overtime pay, the establishment of a minimum wage, better working conditions, workman’s compensationb. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, 1911i. Bosses at the factory locked the women workers in to “protect” them from the union by chaining doors shutii. A fire broke out, but the women were trapped and many were forced to jump out windowsiii. Muckrakers exposed the incident and it inspired pressure for laws to protect workersD. Temperance Movementa. The Women’s Christian Temperance Union was the largest organization of women in the worldb. There were other movements as well, including the Anti-Saloon Weave, which eventually combined with the WCTUc. The WCTU was led by Carrie Nation, who was famous for carrying a hatchet into saloons to destroy themd. The movement used moral arguments to push for laws limiting or prohibiting alcohole. More states began “going dry,” which eventually shut down the Milwaukee and other alcohol plants due to wheat becoming hard to getf. 1919—the 18th Amendment prohibited alcoholg. After World War I, half of the United States were dryE. Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deala. Composed of the 3Cs:i. Control of Corporationii. Consumer Protectioniii. Conservation of Natural Resourcesb. Roosevelt also went against Trustsi. Established the Department of Commerce and Labor, which strengthenedthe government to regulate businessii. It shifted the goal of the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulating trustsiii. Inspired by The Jungle by Upton Sinclair, a novel that exposed the plight of workers and problems in the meat industry, consumer protection laws were established to ensure the safety of food supply and sanitationiv. Pure Food and Drug Act did not make food safe, but it did require food businesses to disclose all possible


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