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ISU PSYCH 280 - Weaknesses of the Self
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PSYCH 280 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. What is the self?a. Two functions of The SelfII. Independent v. Interdependent view of SelfIII. EgocentrismOutline of Current Lecture I. Development of the SelfII. Weaknesses of the Selfa. Explaining behaviorb. Predicting behaviorc. Predicting duration of future feelingsIII. Illusions of the Selfa. Uniquenessb. Transparencyc. Spotlight effectCurrent LectureI. Development of the SelfThe self is constantly changing. There isn’t one day where we view ourselves in the same way asthe day before—we don’t notice this change, of course—we think we view ourselves the same way all the time. In addition to constantly changing, the Self is also influenced and shaped by many different things. A person’s culture, roles (i.e. parent, friend, employee), successes and failures, social comparison, and other people’s judgments (people are bothered when other’s perceptions of that person are different than that person’s own self-perception) all have an impact on a person’s Self and can shape the self in different ways.II. Weaknesses of the SelfOne might think that the self would know the self pretty well (and accurate). However, this is not the case. The self is actually quite inaccurate when predicting things the self will do.a. Explaining behavior: the self isn’t very accurate when describing why the self acted as it did.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Predicting behavior: the self is really bad at predicting how person will behave ina given situation.c. Predicting duration of future feelings: the self overestimates the duration that the self will feel a feeling.IV. Illusions of the SelfSince we view things through the self, and since the self is always focused on itself, we do not always see things accurately.a. Illusion of Uniqueness: the self, because it is focused on the self, thinks that it is very unique. This depends on the situation that the self is in. For example, if the person is the only American in the room, the self will consider that to be “unique,” whereas if the person were in a room full of other Americans, “being American” wouldn’t be as unique, and the self will choose another trait that it thinks is unique.b. Illusion of Transparency: the self often is paranoid that private thoughts and other private contents of the mind will “leak” to the outside world, and everyonewill know what the self and person are thinking. This is visible when two people emerge from a party and one says to the other, “hey, why did we stay so long? You knew that I was bored and you made me stay!” In reality, the other person had no idea that her companion wanted to leave—she simply didn’t know what was on her companion’s mind. The self overestimates the extent to which internal thoughts and feelings are being “read” by outsiders.c. Spotlight Effect: the self tends to overestimate the extent to which other people are paying attention to them. Also, the self overestimates the impact that their absence will have on people. Again, people pay attention to events v. nonevents and actions v. inactions, therefore, people will also pay attention to presence v. an absence. In reality, people do not notice other people’s absences—they will notice, however, if that person is


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ISU PSYCH 280 - Weaknesses of the Self

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