PSYCH 1103 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture I. Attachment cont.II. Infant temperament III. Early cognitiona. What do infants know about the world?IV. Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development a. Stage theory of development b. Knowledge acquisition c. Object concept Outline of Current Lecture I. Preoperational PeriodII. Concrete and formal operationsIII. Beyond Piaget a. Questioning Piaget’s claimsb. Rise of information processing approachesIV. Executive control V. Social cognition in childrena. Egocentrismb. Theory of mind Current LectureI. Preoperational Perioda. Have representational thought i. Can’t do anything sophisticated with those thoughtsb. Children begin to represent world mentally i. Develop “rules” for operating on representations ii. Transformations 1. Conservation of number II. Concrete and Formal Operations a. Later periods, children develop sophisticated means for operating of representations b. In concrete operations, physical materials facilitate cognition c. In formal operations, logical relations dominate d. Take that idea of fairness and apply it to bigger things in the worldIII. Beyond Piaget a. Many researchers questioned Piaget’s claimsi. Development of object concept ii. Renée Baillargeon1. Went after the idea that kids don’t have sophisticated object concept 2. Baby’s looking time will give us a sensitive measure of what they know 3. Magical event a. Screen goes through object b. Babies tend to look more at this event compared to theregular event b. Rise of information processing approaches c. Consider mind as computer i. memory1. how much can you hold?ii. processing1. how fast can you go?iii. Executive control 1. Something has to decide what goes on whenIV. Executive Control a. Information processing theories propose that central controller runs much of cognition b. Measured in a number of ways i. Delay of gratification 1. Ex: child is given a marshmallow, and researcher tells child thathe will give him another marshmallow if child waits for a certain period of timea. Test of impulse control ii. Experiments at young ages predicts success in a number of domains 1. Test scores, attention, social relations over very long time periods V. Social cognition in children a. Egocentrism i. Centered on their own person ii. Piaget iii. Lack of perspective taking 1. In view tasks, child will always say the view they are seeing even if another person asks what their view would be b. Theory of mind i. False-belief tasks 1. Failure to predict what somebody else would sayii. Josef
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