CHEM 1125Q 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture (Ch. 10, Ch.11)I. Ch. 10: Lattice energy and the Born-Haber cycle; Ch. 11: Gases, Kinetic Molecular Theory,Root-mean-square speed, and Graham’s LawOutline of Current Lecture (Ch. 11)II. PressureIII. Gas LawsA. Boyle’s LawB. Charles’s LawC. Avogadro’s LawD. Combined Gas LawIV. Ideal Gas EquationA. Gas ConstantB. Standard Temperature and PressureCurrent LectureII. PressureA. There are many different units used when measuring pressurea. The SI Unit for pressure is Pascals (Pa). Pascals are very small units of pressure, so pressure is often measured using other unitsi. Important conversions include:1 atm = 101,325 Pa1 atm = 760 mmHg1 atm = 760 torrB. Devicesa. Barometeri. A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressureb. Manometeri. A manometer, on the other hand, is used to measure pressures other than atmosphericIII. Gas LawsA. Boyle’s Lawa. Boyle’s Law states that, at a constant temperature and molar mass, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volumei. V ∝ 1/PB. Charles’s LawThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Charles’s and Gay-Lussac’s Law, known simply as Charles’s Law, states that, when kept at a constant pressure and molar mass, a gas’s volume is directly proportional to its temperaturei. V ∝ TC. Avogadro’s Lawa. Avogadro’s Law states that equal volumes of gas, if at the same pressure and temperature, have the same number of molecules/moles. Basically, at constant pressure and temperature, a gas’s volume is directly proportional to its number of molesi. V ∝ nn = molesD. Combined Gas Lawa. The Combined Gas Law is used when any/all of the variables required changei. P1V1 /n1T1 = P2V2 /n2T2ii. V ∝ 1/P V ∝ T V ∝ nV ∝ nT/PIV. Ideal Gas EquationA. Gas Constanta. The Ideal Gas Equation is solved using the value R, which is a proportionality constant known as the gas constanti. R = 0.08206 (L x atm)/K (Gas Constant)ii. PV = nRT (Ideal Gas Equation)B. Standard Temperature and Pressurea. Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) refers to a special set of conditions:i. P = 1 atmV = 1 mole of ideal gas = 22.41 LT = 0°C = 273.25
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