SOCIO 211 1st Edition Lecture 4I. Social Interactiona. Microsociologyi. Erving Goffman believed that small aspects of social life, not just major institutions, matter, and turned it into a systematic theoretical perspective and research methodologyii. So what?1. Goffman indicated at least three reasons why studying seemingly trivial aspects of social life matters:a. Our everyday routines provide and illustrated the structureof our livesb. Interaction reveal the importance of human agencyc. Interactions can tell us about our larger societyb. Nonverbal Communicationi. Nonverbal communication includes any exchange of information without speaking:1. Face and gesture2. E-mail and other online communication 3. Use of props and setting4. Personal space5. Presentation of selfc. Goffman’s The Presentation of Selfi. He outlined the way in which social life was in its essence, theater:1. We play roles for audiences 2. We inhibit stages and sets3. We make use of props of scriptsd. Impression managementi. An important part of all interactions is to attempt to actively control the way others perceive youii. This is the heart of impression management and it is crucial to identity constructioniii. Different roles we play require different impression management; some impression management is sincere and some cynicale. Costumesi. Everyday each of us start by getting dressed, which is crucial piece of impression management These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. With what we wear, we reveal a great deal of social information alluding to class, subculture, sexuality, interests, and sometimes even politics or ideasf. Regionsi. Front stage1. The performance takes place with particular audienceii. Back stage1. Actors retreat from the performanceg. Types of interactioni. Focused interactions1. When we are directly engaged with someoneii. Unfocused interactions1. When we are present with others but do not communicate directly with themh. Audience Segregation i. Because we play different roles and these different roles require different forms of impression management, we often attempt to keep our audiences segregatedii. In certain types of online communication, this is more difficult, yet it is critically importanti. Interactions Discussioni. How are online interactions different from face to face? What’s missing?ii. What can we do differently on FB that in person?iii. What are social effects of online interaction on individuals? On society?iv. Will online communication replace face-to-face communication?j. Ethnomethodologyi. Harold Garfinkel introduced the study of how we make sense of interactions and called this ethnomethodologyii. Ethno means folk or layiii. So, it means understanding how we everyday people make sense of interactionsiv. Garfinkel had his students test the idea of background expectancies by having his student challenge them1. For example, answering the question, “how are you?” with a complete actual responsek. Conversation Analysisi. A research method wherein all aspects of interaction are noted and assessed for meaning ii. The words themselves, timing, order, and even the status of participants are all examinedl. Interactional Vandalismi. When a person of a lower status breaks rules of everyday social interaction that are of value to the more