AMST 211 1nd Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Current Lecture 1. How do Native Southerners realize balance and proportion in relation to the world around them?2. Lumber River, Robeson County 3. Silver Springs River, Florida 4. European Ideas of Native Space5. Kinship6. Migration7. Race and Forgetting8. RememberingCurrent LectureSouthern Aesthetics, Indian Style— Finding Wisdom in PlacesGuest Speaker: Malinda Maynor Lowry How do Native Southerners realize balance and proportion in relation to the world around them?• Soil or Water? Roads or Communities? How do Native people map the South?• Migration and Ethnic cleansing?• Race or Kinship?• Forgetting or Remembering? How do we know who is Indian?• Outsider criteria (attachement to one place; racially distinct; separate cultural rituals and language)• Insider criteria (kinship, reciprocity, affiliation with places)• These are in constant conversation and comprise a kind of storytelling process. • Current debates about Indian identity or Indian legitimacy have to be viewed through a historical lens shows us that ideas about legitimacy, identity, and even the existence of Indians have changed over time.Think about kinship. This is a relational metaphor. It is not the same as citizenship or rights, it is more about responsibility. The theme of life is reciprocity. “Who’s your people?” Tell me who your ancestors are to determine how you are related or how you might know those people. Lumber River, Robeson County: soil and water flowing together. Their land is similar to the These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.dynamic tensions between outsider and insider. Tobacco and corn grow really well here. This type of landscape was not desirable for Europeans during the removal period because it was hard to find/navigate through. Silver Springs River, Florida: Up through the Civil War, most Native people could stay within land boundaries that were not desirable for the European people. European Ideas of Native SpaceMapmaker from 1711: If you didn’t have a name or a site, you didn’t make it on the map. Herbert Map from 1744: Same area of land as above, but many more people were identified on this map. 'Mouzon Map from 1775: Now shows that no tribes exist. Deerskin Map by a Catawba for benefit of South Carolina colonial government from 1720’s: Reflects reciprocity. You see many more roads that connect communities. He depicts the Native communities as circular compared to the more angular(landscaped) Charleston. Kinship: Dynamic tension resolves when you focus on kinship. Ancestors had three worlds: one above (balance and harmony), lower world (world of disorder), the middle world (components of both, where we live). Lumbees use Baptism to reconcile tension. Water is the realm of the lower world, spirituality is from the upper world. This is a symbol of bringing it all together. Lined Out Singing: Leader sings, followed by congregation. Harmony is a key component. There is a strong connection between the text they love(psalms) and the music they sing. Balance between individual expression and community expression. Migration: The US had a reputation of ethnic cleansing. The Lumbee experience was different because they stayed. They had a greater flexibility. There was strong participation in the economy and politics. For example: Native American casinos are huge because they are really good at building capital. Another example is slashing pine tress to produce naval stores. In the bottom of the tree, they were carve a box for the inflow of sap. Another part was storing and shipping. Turpentine would be shipped to Wilmington and then overseas. The train also took people outside of the county. Race and Forgetting: “The Crowatans are a tribe of North Carolina Indians, like the Creeks or the Choctaws, There is no negro blood or white blood to the Crowatan, proper. He is an Indian— a Crowatan Indian, as we would speak of a Cherokee Indian or a Cherokee…” The murderers were hung. Remembering: • Telling Our Own Stories◦ Native scholars working on the histories of their own communities. ◦ Jim Crow gave Lumbees the authority of who and could not be a part of school