KIN 3305 1st Edition Lecture 7 Current Lecture Sports and Activity Throughout History cont Outline of Previous Lecture I Sports in the United States cont II Nationalistic Era III The Age of Technology and Mass Communication Outline of Current Lecture I The Age of Technology and Mass Communication Social Theories Applied to Sport II Social Theories III Functionalism a Tends to emphasize the ways in which sport contributes to personal growth and the preservation of social order b Popular among those who want to preserve order stability and balance in society IV Basic Assumption V Perceived Benefits and Outcomes of Sport Participation Functionalist view Current Lecture I The Age of Technology and Mass Communication a Decade Benchmarks i 1960s 1 sport journalists address ills of sport via exposes and editorials 2 the organization and structure of sport questioned and reexamined 3 professional football becomes a national obsession ii 1970s 1 Title IX and increased female sport participation 2 Fitness revolution 3 Professional sport free agency iii 1980s 1 The Age of Superstars and Super teams 2 Sport commercialization via marketing and promotions These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute iv 1990s 1 Lucrative salary contracts mega bucks and the redistribution of wealth 2 Labor relations and arbitration i e lockouts and strikes 3 Franchise free agency 4 Olympic Games and professionalization v 2000s 1 Sport facility construction 2 Sport sponsorship 3 Advertising cost at major sporting events vi 20101 Performance enhancers and drug testing 2 Concussion issues and medical malfeasance 3 Gender e g homophobia and race related issues e g LA Clippers 4 Multimedia platform sport viewing vii Contemporary Sports 1 Never been so pervasive and influential 2 Organized sports in U S become combination of business entertainment education moral training masculinity rituals technology transfers and declarations of political allegiance Social Theories Applied to Sport VI Social Theories a There is no best theoretical approach b The value of the theory lies in what is being studied and the research question posed c All theories have specific strengths and weaknesses VII Functionalism a The driving force underlying all social life is the tendency for any social system to maintain itself in a state of balance homeostasis so it can continue to operate efficiently and effectively b Homeostasis is a state of balance or equilibrium VIII Basic Assumption a Society is an organized system of interrelated parts i Societies are held together because people share the same basic values ii Functionalists believe that society is best analyzed by using a systems approach iii Sport viewed as a social institution iv Dysfunction occurs when certain behaviors or forms of organization upset the balance v Functionalists view social change as dysfunctional unless it occurs in a slow gradual and methodical manner status quo vi Status Quo refers to keeping things the same resistance to change or conservative in thought 1 Examples of functionalists resistance a Title IX equity in sport for women b Baseball Desegregation the color barrier c Prep School to Pros high school players going directly to the pros d American pro athletes in the Olympics prior to Dream Team e Pro sport free agency f Playoff System in college football FBS 2 In each example functionalists presented opposition because major change was sought 3 Functionalists do not endorse major or radical change Similar societal examples included school desegregation busing civil rights 1960s etc IX Perceived Benefits and Outcomes of Sport Participation a Healthy way for individuals to let off steam b Social togetherness c Good attainment and acquisition d Health and fitness e Nationalism and nationalistic pride f Militaristic military preparedness g Establish and develop character h Strengthen values and work ethic i Instill discipline and structure