PSYC 3322 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture II. How Do Neurons Communicate?III. A Chemical MessageOutline of Current Lecture IV. Varieties of NeurotransmittersCurrent LectureVarieties of Neurotransmitters- Fifty different kinds.- Some inhibitory at one location and excitatory at another.- More than one NT may be active at a single synapse.- No simple one-to-one relationship between a single NT and a single behavior.Four Criteria for Identifying- 1. Chemical must be synthesized in neuron.- 2. When released, chemical must produce response in target cell.- 3. Same receptor action must be obtained when chemical is experimentally placed on target.- 4. Must be a mechanism for removal after chemical’s work is done.Three Classes of NTs- 1. Small molecule transmitters- 2. Peptide transmitters- 3. Transmitter GasesSmall Molecule NTsTransmitter InfoSerotonin Mood and temperature regulation; aggression and sleep cycles.Dopamine Motor function and rewards.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Acetylcholine Muscle contraction (PNS). Cortical arousal (CNS).Anandamide Pain reduction, increase in appetite.Norepinephrine Brain arousal, mood, hunger, and sleep.GABA Main inhibitor NT.Glubamate Main excitatory transmitter; participates in relay of sensory information and learning.Peptide TransmittersNeuropetide- Multifunctioning chain of amino acids that act as a NT.- Synthesized from mRNA instructions from the cell’s DNA.- Do not bind to ion channels; do not have direct effects on the voltage of the postsynaptic membrane.Transmitter Gases- Synthesized in cell, as needed.- Easily crosses cell membrane.- Example:o Nitric Oxide (NO).o Carbon Monoxide.NT ReceptorsTwo Major FamiliesTwo Classes of ReceptorsIonotropic ReceptorsMetabotropic ReceptorsG proteinSecond MessengerA chemical that carries to initiate a biochemical