AVS 101 1st Edition Lecture 8DigestionDigestion includes…..….physical and chemical change to release individual nutrients for absorptionMonogastric Man, monkey, pig, dog, poultryPolygastric Ruminants – sheep, cow, goatMonogastric with functional cecum Pseudoruminant – horse, rabbit, guinea pig, rat, mouseHerbivore Longer GI tract Eats plant food Vegetarian Carnivore Shorter GI tract Eats meat, animal flesh/byproductsOmnivore Eats bothSteps in Digestion• Excretion – urine & feces• Absorption – mainly in small intestine• Salivation – enzyme à salivary amylase• Mastication - chewing• Prehension – grasping of foodFour Compartments of the Stomach Reticulum – honeycombHardware disease Rumen (paunch)Digest cellulose à VFA = volatile fatty acidVitamins B & KNeutral pH 7 Omasum – many plies, some grindingoverflow Abomasum – true stomachEsophageal groove-> pathway directly to abomasumDigestion In the stomach àFood + HCl activates pepsinogen (enzyme)Pepsinogen + HClà pepsinProtein digested in stomach &proventriculusChyme – partially digested food/liquidpH 2 In small intestineDuodenumJejunumIleumDigestion in duodenumAbsorption in jejunum Bile – produced in liver, stored in gall bladderBreaks down fatLipase breaks down fat into glycerol & free fatty acidsPancreatic enzymes neutralize acids Increased surface area of food, increases rate of absorptionAbsorption Villi – increase absorption area of small intestineSimple Carbsà absorbed directly into bloodFat à absorbed by lymphProtein à amino acids Vitamins à by bloodMinerals à by bloodH20 Large intestineAbsorption of:WaterWater soluble
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