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KU HIST 115 - French Revolution
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Women refused to leave until Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette come back to ParisMost other European countries scared by French RevolutionTreaty of PillnitzAustria and Prussia vow to come in and restore Louis XVI if necessaryAround this time Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette tried to escape to AustriaNoticed by a gatekeeper and held back in FranceCalled the Flight to VarennesSome people believe that Louis XVI wouldn’t have died if he didn’t try to escapeHailed as traitors and thrown in prisonSecond Revolution – (1792-1795)The second phase of the French Revolution during which the fall of the French monarchy introduced a rapid radicalization of politics.Jacobins: people who ruled in this time, basically declared war on all of EuropeJacobins split into Girondists and The MountainGirondists believed that the King was guilty but didn’t deserve deathThe Mountain wanted him deadRobespierre: rule by terrorReign of Terror – (1793-1794)Guillotine considered humane way of deathUsed to execute the King of FranceMarie Antoinette put on trial, found guilty and beheaded40,000 people died during Reign of TerrorRobespierre starts group to decide who to kill, called Committee of Public SafetySuppression of women’s participation, dechristianization, precursor to modern nationalismThermidorian Reaction“A reaction to the violence of the Reign of Terror in 1794, resulting in the execution of Robespierre and the loosening of economic controls.”French revolution sparked revolution in French colony HaitiSlave revolution in HaitiThomas Jefferson refused to acknowledge new Haitian Republic out of fear of slave revoltHist 115 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last LectureDiscussed Absolutism and the life of Louis XIVCurrent Lecture OutlineFrench RevolutionCurrent LectureThe French RevolutionEstates:“The three legal categories, or orders of Frances inhabitants; the clergy, the nobility, and everyone else” (McKay 620).First: ClergyOwn 10% of the landNot taxed, give gifts insteadSecond: Nobility400,000 peopleOwn 25% of the landNot heavily taxedSpecial privilegesThird: Everyone Else98% of the populationPaid majority of taxesBourgeoisieThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Old Historical Narrative: Bourgeoisie vs. NobilityRevisionist: bourgeoisie and nobility sometimes overlap, against bureaucratic monarchyPoor people just keep struggling like alwaysDesacralizationThe loss of image or sacredness in the eyes of the peasant class Celebrity culture today mimics how peasants felt about noblesLouis XIV helped the colonies fight against the English in the American RevolutionFrance sent money, troops, and nobles to help the coloniesTennis Court Oath – June 20th, 1789Financial Crisis:Economy in France in the 1780’s: some is paying off interest of debt, 25% is going to the military, 16% going to Versailles, and the rest goes to the state.Louis XVI wants to reform the tax system, calls a meeting of the Estates GeneralClergy sends local priests, nobles sent representatives, and 3rd Estate sent lawyers and merchantsEstates General demands a constitutional monarchy, most of the representatives behind this from 3rd estateOne day 3rd Estate gets kicked out, so they go next door and held the Tennis Court Oath, where they vow to continue meeting until they write a ConstitutionBread shortage in Paris, around ¼ of people unemployed. King sends troops to gather them to center of city Peasants get scared, storm Bastille to get gunpowder for muskets out of fear of war from KingBastille Day: July 14, 1789Peasants begin retaking farmland fenced in by nobility and refused to pay taxesGreat Fear:Nobility hires mercenaries to go around and quell peasant rebellionsWomen March on Versailles – October 5th 1789Still no bread, fed up women from Paris marched 12 miles to Versailles to protestThey were armed and fierce, and they stormed into Versailles to kill the Royal family, only killed their bodyguards before an army arrived- Women refused to leave until Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette come back to Paris- Most other European countries scared by French Revolution- Treaty of Pillnitzo Austria and Prussia vow to come in and restore Louis XVI if necessary- Around this time Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette tried to escape to Austria- Noticed by a gatekeeper and held back in France- Called the Flight to Varennes- Some people believe that Louis XVI wouldn’t have died if he didn’t try to escape- Hailed as traitors and thrown in prison- Second Revolution – (1792-1795)- The second phase of the French Revolution during which the fall of the French monarchy introduced a rapid radicalization of politics.- Jacobins: people who ruled in this time, basically declared war on all of Europe- Jacobins split into Girondists and The Mountaino Girondists believed that the King was guilty but didn’t deserve deatho The Mountain wanted him dead Robespierre: rule by terror- Reign of Terror – (1793-1794)- Guillotine considered humane way of death- Used to execute the King of France- Marie Antoinette put on trial, found guilty and beheaded- 40,000 people died during Reign of Terror- Robespierre starts group to decide who to kill, called Committee of Public Safety- Suppression of women’s participation, dechristianization, precursor to modern nationalism- Thermidorian Reaction- “A reaction to the violence of the Reign of Terror in 1794, resulting in the execution of Robespierre and the loosening of economic controls.”- French revolution sparked revolution in French colony Haiti- Slave revolution in Haiti- Thomas Jefferson refused to acknowledge new Haitian Republic out of fear of slave


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KU HIST 115 - French Revolution

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