BIOL 1005 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I. Biological Communities and Species InteractionsII. CommunityIII. Tolerance LimitsIV. AdaptationV. Natural SelectionVI. SpeciationVII. Galapagos FinchesVIII. Ecological NicheIX. The Intensity of the CompetitionX. CompetitionXI. Adaptions the reduce the overlapXII. Law of Competitive ExclusionXIII. Resource PartitioningXIV. Species InteractionsXV. Keystone SpeciesXVI. SymbiosisXVII. Communities in TransitionXVIII. Primary SuccessionXIX. Secondary SuccessionXX. Ecological SuccessionXXI. Introduced Species and Community ChangeOutline of Current Lecture I. Video: The Wolf Returns to YellowstoneII. ThermodynamicsIII. Energy for LifeIV. Species to EcosystemV. Food ChainThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Current LectureI. Video- The Wolf Returns to Yellowstone- By: National Park Serviceo Wolf is an important part of ecosystem providing life for otherso Wolves help manage elk populations and maintain their healtho Predation of wolves on elk is an example of coevolution and selective pressureo Humans are also predators and the lesson now is can we manage the wolvesII. Thermodynamics- Energy must be supplied from an eternal source to keep biological process runningo Energy flows in a one-way path through living systems and into a temperature sink- First Law: energy is neither created nor destroyed- Second Law: with each successive energy transfer, less energy is available to performworko Entropy- Energy flows through and nutrients cycle within the EcosystemIII. Energy for Life- Of all solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface about 10% is ultraviolet, 45% visible, and 45% infraredo Most energy is absorbed by land or water, or reflected back into space Only about 1% of the sunlight falling is available for photosynthesis IV. Species to Ecosystem- Population: all members of a species living in a given area at the same time- Biological Community: all of the populations of organisms living and interacting in a particular area- Ecosystem: biological community and its physical environmento Somewhat user-definedo Open or closed boundariesV. Food Chains- Photosynthesis is describes as primary productivity because it is the basis for almost all other growth in an ecosystemo Manufacture of biomass by organisms eating plants is termed secondary productivity- Food Chain: linked feeding serieso Very simplistic o This eats this eats this eats this- Food Web: must consumers have multiple food sourceso More realistico
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