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Purdue SOC 10000 - Deviance and Social Control
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Soc 100 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. Social GroupsII. From groups to networksIII. OrganizationsIV. BureaucracyOutline of Current Lecture II. Social DevianceIII. JusticeIV. Informal and formal sanction controlsV. Robert MertonVI. CrimeCurrent LectureWhat is social deviance?- And transgression of socially established normso Minor transgressions= informal devianceo Formal deviance= crime involves the violation of lawso Isn’t always bad, just different A women with a size 14 shoe Teacher walking in, wearing a pink prom dressDeviance- Involves breaking an accepted rule- Many deviants go unnoticed or are considered too trivial to warrant punishment- Famous “Deviants”o Martin Luther Kingo Rosa Parkso Susan B. Anthony- Social cohesion= way we form social bonds, relate to each other, and get along on a dailybasis- Durkheim theorized that social cohesion is established either througho Mechanical solidarity= based on the sameness of society’s parts or members oro Organic solidarity- based on the independence of specialized parts of membersThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Justice- Punitive justice= is focused on making the violator suffer and thus defining the boundaries of acceptable behavioro Prison, fines, capital punishment- Rehabilitation justice= examines the specific circumstances of an individual transgressor and attempts to find ways to rehabilitate him or hero Probation, house arrest, work release programs- Social control= is the set of mechanisms that create normative compliance in individuals- Normative compliance= is the act of abiding by society’s norms or simply following the rules of group lifeInformal social sanctions- Are unspoken rules and expectations about people’s behavior- Help maintain a base level of order and cohesion in society and form a foundation for formal social controlFormal social control- Laws and the authority of police officers- Even if we break a law, we won’t get caught every timeRobert Merton- Strain theory= argues that deviance occurs when a society does not give all its members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goalso Because not all of us end up with these jobs to bring us nice things, we will turn to other means to get those things- Conformists= they accept the goals of society and the means of achieving those goals- Innovators= accept the goals of society, but they look for new, or innovative, ways of achieving those goals- Ritualists aren’t interested in the goals of society, but they do accept the means of achieving those goalso Live paycheck to paychecko Do not have long-term plans- Retreatists don’t accept the goals of the society or the means of achieving those goalso Hermits, homeless people- Rebels= don’t accept the goals of society or the means of achieving those goals, so they create their own goals using new meanso Revolutionary figuresSymbolic interactionist theories of deviance- Labeling theoryo People see how they are labeled and accept the label as being “true”o People behave the way that they think someone with their label should behave What’s the use of fighting that label?- Primary deviance= the first act of rule breaking, this causes us to be labeled a deviant- Secondary deviance= people already expect me to behave this way, might as well do it- Stigmao A negative social label that changes your behavior toward a person; also changes that person’s self-concept and social identityo Has serious consequences in terms of the opportunities made available-or rather,not made available-to people in a stigmatized group- Broken window theory of deviance-Philip Zimbardoo Explains how social context and social cues impact the way individuals acto People who wouldn’t exhibit a certain behavior in one social context might do so in another context where the behavior seems more permissibleClassifying deviance: John Hagan- Three dimensionso 1. Severity of the social responseo 2. Perceived harmfulness of the acto 3. Degree of public agreement about whether an act should be considered deviant- Types of devianceo Social diversions= are minor harmless acts Fashion trendso Social deviations= are more serious, somewhat harmful acts Promiscuity o Conflict rimes= are deviant acts defined by the state as illegal, but the definition is controversial in the wider society Simple possession chargeo Consensus crimes= are widely recognized to be bad in themselves Murder, sexual assault, child abuseCrime- Street crime= refers to crime committed in public, often associated with violence and poverty- White collar crime= committed by a professional against a corporation, agency, or other business- Corporate crime= type of white collar crime committed by the officers or executives of a companyo Causes the largest amount of


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