Unit2Day4 VandenBout Monday September 30 2013 1 30 PM Vanden Bout LaBrake Crawford CH301 ELECTRON CONFIGURATION and BONDING Where did all that salt come from UNIT 2 Day 4 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Important Information LM18 Posted DUE TH 9AM Study Ionic and Covalent Bonding and Nomenclature on Fundamentals Nomenclature Quiz Th Laude LM Lecture 7 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Spring 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 1 What are we going to learn today Electron Configuration and Bonding Relate the valence shell electron configuration to bonding Understand the similarities and differences between ionic and covalent bonding Recognize and name compounds based on elemental composition CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 QUIZ CLICKER QUESTION 1 The trend on the periodic table is that atomic radii a b c d e Increases as you move from L to R across Decreases as you move from R to L across Increases as you move from T to B down Increases as you move from B to T up Both b and c CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 QUIZ CLICKER QUESTION 2 Which of the following symbols does not match the elemental name A Fe Iron B As Arsenic C Co Copper D Sn Tin Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 2 match the elemental name A Fe Iron B As Arsenic C Co Copper D Sn Tin E V Vanadium CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 QUIZ CLICKER QUESTION 3 At the end of the last class period we saw a demo Two metals were tossed into water and something happened a The metals sank to the bottom of the bucket b The metals floated in the bucket c The metals spun around the surface of the water and then burst into flames d This is not true just a trick question for the 75 people who were absent Thursday CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 3 Where are the electrons in Ne 1s22s22p6 very stable gas Z 10 Where are the electrons in Na Ne 3s1 not so stable metal Z 11 Where are the electrons in K Ar 4s1 more not so stable metal Z 19 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Shielding and Effective Nuclear Charge Left to Right Zeff is increasing Top to Bottom Zeff is similar Top to Bottom Electron in higher in Energy Farther from the nucleus THIS CAN EXPLAIN A LOT ABOUT THE PERIODIC TABLE CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Trend Atomic Radii Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 4 Atomic Radii CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 CH302 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2012 EXPLAIN SPIKE IN IONIZATION ENERGY CH302 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 5 Based on this trend in ionization energies this element is A argon B carbon C magnesium D sulfur CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 SHOW SOME ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS OF IONS CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 6 CH302 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2012 POLL CLICKER QUESTION 4 Where did this guy get all of that salt NaCl a It formed from Na and Cl ions in the water b He first pitch a few block of Na metal into a pool and then bubbled in Cl2 gas c He add the Cl2 gas to the water that already had Na ions d He added Na metal to the water that already had Cl ions CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 ELECTRON LEAVES WHERE DOES IT GO Metals tend to give up electrons to nonmetals in each case the valence is satisfied Sometimes is complicated eg in the sodium in water demo Sometimes is more obvious 2Na s Cl g Unit2Day4 VandenBout 2NaCl s Page 7 Sometimes is complicated eg in the sodium in water demo Sometimes is more obvious 2Na s Cl2 g 2NaCl s Sometimes they are already gone CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Formation of Ionic Compound Downhill in Energy CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Ionic Compound downhill in energy CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 8 Ionic Compounds Not a discrete pair of ions it is a whole collection CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 POLL CLICKER QUESTION 5 Coulomb s Law Lattice energy depends on Coulomb s Law and the crystal structure the way the ions are packed together Assuming the same crystal structure which do you think would have the larger lattice energy a NaF b NaBr CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Ionic Radius Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 9 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Polyatomic Ions Calcium Carbonate Ca2 CO32Know the names and formulas for all the common polyatomic ions See the Data Tables under more on the eBook CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 10 POLL CLICKER QUESTION 6 Naming Ionic Compounds Choose the formula that corresponds to sodium oxide a NaO b NaO2 c Na2O d Na2O2 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Naming Ionic Compounds You need to be able to name common ionic compounds and with elemental ions and polyatomic ions WEBSITE FUNDAMENTALS DO THE WORKSHEETS CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 What about compounds that aren t ionic Covalent How are they formed Are electrons lost No They are shared two non metals two elements with similar electronegativities Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 11 No They are shared two non metals two elements with similar electronegativities CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Covalent Compounds Characterize the bond Bond Length Bond Strength Electron Pair Shared Equally YES PURE COVALENT NO POLAR COVALENT SHOW THE SIMULATOR CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 12 Electronegativity electron pulling power of an atom when it is part of a molecule When one atom is more electronegative than another in a bond a polar covalent bond is formed Degree of polarity is dependent on difference in electronegativities CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 13 Ionic vs Covalent Bonds All bonds can be viewed as hybrids between purely ionic and purely covalent When two identical atoms are bound it is purely covalent When two different atoms are bound one may have a greater attraction for electrons and have a partial negative charge Polar covalent bond degree is measured as dipole moment When one atom has a much stronger attraction to the electrons than the other an electron may be donated yielding an ionic bond Covalent Compounds Naming CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 Unit2Day4 VandenBout Page 14 Covalent Compounds What is attached to what Valence electrons Lewis symbols Lewis Structure Satisfy the Octet H2 CH4 CH301 Vanden Bout LaBrake Fall 2013 What have we learned NUCLEAR CHARGE FELT BY VALENCE ELECTRONS IS SHIELDED BY THE CORE ELECTRONS ATOMS BEHAVE IN CERTAIN PREDICTABLE WAYS WHICH CAN BE CORRELATED TO THE ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS IONIC BONDS TEND TO FORM BETWEEN
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