PSYCH 100 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. Parts of NeuronII. Neural CommunicationIII. NeurotransmittersIV. Peripheral Nervous SystemV. The Endocrine SystemOutline of Current Lecture-I. The Brain IntroII. Studying the BrainIII. Major Structures in BrainCurrent LectureI. The BrainA. There is no pain receptors or blood in the brain. AB. patient can be kept awake during brain surgery. B. Feeling sensation in a amputated leg is Phantom leg, there is still a part of the brain firing neurons because it believes leg is still there, after awhile the brain rewires and adjusts. C. Every brain area is involved in many different functions. Brain is divided into two hemispheres.D. Contralateral Organization- Left hemisphere of brain controls right half of body, and Right hemispheres controls left half of body. II. Studying the BrainThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.A. Lesion Studies- destruction of the brain, and find the implications of the part of brain being destroyedB. EEG Brain study- measures brain wavesC. PET Scan- Positron Emission Tomography-injection of radioactive sugar, if the brain is consuming a lot of the “sugar” indicates that area of the brain is firingD. MRI- Magnetic Resonance Imaging- Picture of the brain, tells structure.E. FMRI- Functional MRI- Structure and Function of the brain, shows what part of the brain is using up oxygen while performing task and shows what part of brain is functioning during task. Color-coded to show brain activity. F. Callosotomy- Cut brain in half, corpus callosum is cut. Very rare procedure.1. Corpus Callosum – thick band of axons allows right and left hemisphere tocommunicate.2. Used to study brain by observing split brain patients performing tasks to see which half of brain is involvedG. Hemispherectomy- Removal of half of the brain, only short amount of time to study the effects of the procedure before brain plasticity takes over and rebuilds. Brain plasticity allows for functioning after removal of half the brain.H. Brain Plasticity- Brain’s ability to modify or reorganize itself in response to damage1. Multiple influences of plasticity- Age is a factorIII. Major Structures in BrainA. Hindbrain- Brainstem and Cerebellum (Developed first)- “Kick stand for brain”1. Medulla- In charge of heart beat and breathing2. Reticular Formation- Sits above medulla, keeps body aroused and conscious, prevents coma3. Thalamus- Sits atop brain stem, primary job is to act like a relay station or a hub for sensory information and sends that information to cortex to interpret what is the sensory info. 4. Cerebellum- sits at bottom of brain, in charge of smooth coordinated movments.B. Midbrain- Limbic System (Developed Second evolutionary)C. Forebrain- Cerebral Cortex (Developed 3rd