PHY 182 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. Gas ProcessesII. Adiabatic ProcessesIII. The Three Types of Heat TransferOutline of Current Lecture I. Density of WaterII. High Specific Heat of WaterIII. Kinetic Theory of GasesCurrent LectureDensity of Water- Water is a unique substance because from 0°C to 4°C, it gets more dense. Then, after getting heated past that point, it gets less dense (as a normal substancewould).- As a result of density differences, a body of water can cool itself by convection currents. Once it reaches 4°C, that water starts to freeze at the top.- This is why deep bodies of water freeze from top to bottom.- The temperature at the bottom of a deep body of water will be 4°C.High Specific Heat of Water- The breezes at a beach are caused by the difference in specific heats of the water and the sand.- This breeze will flow the opposite direction at night because at this point, the water will be warmer than the sand.- The high specific heat of water is the reason why large bodies of water cause nearby climates to be more temperate.Kinetic Theory of GasesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- The change of momentum of a gas particle = 2m|V|- The total molecules inside of a cylinder = (N/V)(A |V| dt)- The number of collisions in a given time "dt" is equal to the total number of molecules divided by two.- While finding the average speed of the molecules in a system is often helpful, sometimesyou will also be asked to find the RMS (root-mean-squared) speed. This is found by taking the square root of the average velocity squared.- All molecules at an equal temperature have equal energy, however their speed depends on their mass. Higher mass = lower
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