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UA CL 222 - Zeus and Hera
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CL 222 1st Edition Lecture 5 Current Lecture:Chapters 4: Zeus and Hera- Zeus’s weapon of choice: thunderbolts- when something is sent/produced from earth, it is depicted with snake-like legs in art (shakes go in and out of the earth)Zeus as an Indo-European sky god- DHEU: (Zeus) [“shining one” or “bright sky”]- Sanskrit: dyaus pitar (father) (Jupiter)Zeuso one of the most ancient Indo-European Languages- Gaelic: duw- Old Germanic: Tiw (Tuesday: Zeus’s day)- French: Dieu- Spanish: Dios- Oscan: Diuvei- English: deity, divine linguistically related to Zeuso t, z, d- Olympian head of the third generation (Olympian gods)- son of Cronus and Rhea (brought up in Crete)- Jupiter = “father Zeus”- Nephelegereta: cloud-gatherer- Ombrios: of the rain- Keraunos: thunderero clouds gather around Mt. Olympus and it is high in the sky Mt. Olympus and Olympia are two different placesOther Associations- Oaks: big and reach high into the skyo worshipped as Zeus divinityo people of ancient times believed oaks were important because their ancestors lived off the acorns provided by Zeus- Dodona: very remote; sanctuary/oracle where they could communicate with Zeus, who was in the oak tree and they would listen to the rustling of the leaves for messages from god then someone would come ask for advice and they could respond in propheciesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Olympia: where the Olympic Games were held where there was an enormous temple to Olympian Zeus that contained a statue which was one of the Seven Wonders of the World (450 B.C.)o the Olympic ceremonies were hella religious and sacred to the Greekso ceremonies were not intended for personal achievement, but for human beings making an effort and striving for excellence- a way to honor the gods- Crete: inhabitants love to point out the cave where Zeus was raised and the tomb of Zeus too (he is the god of the year: dies in winter and resurrects in spring)- Dione- Arcadia: Mount Lycaeus worshipped as Lycaeus Zeus; people of Arcadia mounted up an altar, erected 2 columns and eagles on topo every 9 years, a priest with animals and a human sacrifice (servant/prisoner) and he would sacrifice the human he committed the ultimate sin and gathered andharbored all the sin of the community (Jesus on the cross)o the priest is exiled and was transformed into a wolf roaming the forest for years then  repeatAdditional Epithets- Xenios: protects strangers; guardian between guests and hostso when traveling, you stayed at someone’s house, they bathe you, prepare banquet, for you as a guest host; you’ve asked after approximately 8 hours, “whoare you/where’d you come from?”; you knew to have a story ready and you aren’t supposed to touch anythingo Zeus was the person that made sure this protocol happenedo the start of the Trojan War was breaking this protocol: Paris stole treasure and wifeZeus and Universal Order- Athena: popped out of Zeus’ head; she’s the goddess of strategy, depending your city, well-ordered war- Zeus had the job of keeping the universe in order- there was still a little order mixed into the well-ordered machine of the universe- Horae (seasons) and the Fates (Moirai)- Three Graces-Attraction- Persephone: cycles of life- Nine Muses: arts- Apollo and Artemis: cycles of life/rites of passages- Hebe: cup-bearer at immortal banquets (“bloom of youth”)o Ganymedes always held a rooster in his hands because Zeus has erotic feelings for Ganymedes- Ares: loves scatteredness and helter skelter chaos of war- Eileithyia: childbirth can’t happen without her (violent and chaotic time)Zeus and the Fates- Moirai (Greek)- Parcae (Latin)- Moira=allotment (focused on days left)o allotment: limitations of a human being; social status, food, money, but more importantly life itself- blow of fate and death come unexpectedly (if time’s up-it’s over)- Clotho: spinner because spins your thread of life- Lachesis: measurer of the length of life- Atropos: inevitable; “no turning back”; wields scissors and when life is measured out, she cuts it (starts when you’re bornover when you reach the end of the thread (predestined))o A: alpha privative; negating prefix; not typicalo TROPOS: “turning back”- Zeus searches out the will of the fates and executes it (makes it happen)- other gods didn’t care about the FatesZeus and the Two Jars- Homer’s Iliad 24.527 ff. : 24 books (1st work)- ninth year of the Trojan War- Priam, King of Troy- Achilles, Hector: Achilles (Greek hero) killed Hector (Trojan hero), annihilated his body, drug him back to Greek camp by sea shore and into the tent and threw Hector (son of Priam) under the table and began eating- Priam shows up to retrieve Hector’s dead body, bearing gifts- Achilles tells story to Priam and his sorrows of Zeus and 2 jars (pithoi): by Zeus’s throne, when people are about to be created, they’re marched in front of the 2 jars (one giving joys and happiness and one giving sorrows and despair); Zeus dispenses blood from the two jars; if a person receives from sorrows jar, they get just curses; if they receive from the happy jar, they get a little of both- Zeus never gives just joy: life is usually a mix of good and badPhilosophical Zeus- Hellenistic philosophers: period after Alexander the Great when Greek culture was spread everywhere- Monotheistic: one god- Stoics thought monotheistically; they were happy to call ONE god primary (Zeus)- Cleanthes: mentioned that there’s evil in the universe “for you have so welded in tone allthings good and bad that they all share a single everlasting logos.”o they have got a purpose=all working together for some specific end- Nature, reason, providence, fate, law- combination of matter and god (soul, breath)permeates and animates matter by adding god to it- Zeus nature (instead of mother)- Zo- (giver of life, which = nature)- Logos (word): permeates/directs nature, reason, providence, fate, and lawsall comes from Zeuso rational-governing principle-manipulating-guidingo Zeus= rational principle- nomos: natural universal law; can derive law from nature (the way it moves, breathes, and is guided)o antinomians: anarchists (against law)With gods:- Zeus and MetisAthena- Zeus and ThemisHorae and the Fates- Zeus and HeraHebes, Ares, and Eileithyia- Zeus and


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UA CL 222 - Zeus and Hera

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