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CMU MUS 10A - Sound, Pitch, Tone, Color,
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MUS 10A 1st Edition Lecture 3Strophic Form: a vocal form in which the same music is repeated for each stanza of a poemA cappella: choral music* without instrumental accompaniment Music: an art and/or science (one must know what one is doing). Music involves combining tones of organizing sounds. It is also expressive, beautiful, or pleasing (has an aesthetic dimension)Roger Kamien: music is organized sound in timeCraig Wright: music is the rational organization of sounds and silences as they pass through timeOstinato: motive or phraseTopic: Sound: Pitch, Dynamic, and Tone ColorThe Performer’s RoleTypes of ListenersI. The Four Properties of Musical SoundA. Pitch: The relative high or low of a sound1. Tone: sound that has definite pitch 2. Interval: the distance between any two pitches3. Pitch range: the high or low of any instrument/voiceB. Dynamics: Degrees of loudness and softness in music1. VolumeC. Timbre: the quality of a sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another1. Tone colorD. Duration (rhythm)1. Duration: length of sound2. Rhythm: patterns of longer and shorter durationII. Unity and VarietyRepetition vs. ContrastIII. Structure of MusicA. Form The form guides the listener through the musicIV. The Performer’s RoleA. The performer is the bridge between the composer and listener>interpret the score>convey composer’s intent>individual style>emotional approachB. The performer is an influential aspect of the musical experience – our response is tied to the performanceC. Performance Styles:1. Dionysus: Greek God of Fertility and Wine Characterized by mystic ecstasy and orgiastic excess; a more passionate and explosive outburst of creative energy; excessive2. Apollo: Greek God of Light Characterized by clarity, harmony, and restraint; a more balanced, classical approach.V. Types of ListenersListening to music involves much more than just hearing it’s soundsA. Casuala. Enjoys having music playingb. Fills the environment with soundThe physical effect that it producesB. Referentiala. Extra-musical connectionsb. Listener is “reminded” of something; an image, event, memory, emotionOne has some sort of emotional reaction1. Program Music: Instrumental music associated with a story, picture/image, object, event, or scene2. Absolute Music: Instrumental music having no intended connection with a story, picture/image, object, event, or scene; it is non-programmaticC. Criticala. Listens to identify what is wrong with a performanceb. “Perfection”D. E. Listening for Musical Elements:1. the nature of melodies and themes2. the dominant timbres3. the changes in dynamic levels4. The nature of the rhythm and its patterns5. The texture of the music6. The use of form and other musical practicesF. Key factors essential to understanding music1. Respond2. MemoryVI. Additional TermsA. Notation: system of writing down symbols so that specific pitches and rhythms can be communicated1. Manuscript – original 2. Score - printedB. Staff: collection of 5 lines and the 4 spaces between them 1. A “clef” indicates the pitch range of the staff2. Notes are placed on a staff >the placement of the note on the staff indicates the pitch/high or low of the sound>the shape of the note (how it appears) indicates the duration of the sound*note head, stem, flagC. Pitch Names: A B C D E F G (A)1.


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CMU MUS 10A - Sound, Pitch, Tone, Color,

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