BIO 116 1st Edition Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture I. Tissues II. OrgansIII. ProkaryotesIV. Eukaryotes a. Cell Cycleb. Controli. ProteinsOutline of Current Lecture I. Cell communication typesII. Two ways for cells to communicateCurrent LectureHe talked quite a bit at the beginning and sort of introduced his topic… that isn’t going to come up again until the last 12 lectures... so it was a pretty short and succinct lectureCell CommunicationIt is important to know:- A signaling molecule is called a ligand- A receptor has a specific shape to fit the ligand- The receptor changes shape after the ligand attacheso The bond between a ligand and a receptor is always noncovalent bond because acovalent bond would take a ton of energy to break back apart- A ligand and a receptor together are called a dimer (because they are two parts)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1) Direct intercellular signaling -ligands pass through gap junctions in cells, direct passage from the inside of one cell to the inside of another2) Contact- dependent signaling -molecules that are attached to the outside of one cell and send signals to other cells when they come into direct contact 3) Autocrine signaling -cells give off signals that can either bind to themselves or cells near-by (must be the same type of cell)4) Paracrine signaling -secreted signals that only affect near-by cells, not the cell that gives off the signal 5) Endocrine signaling -generally hormones that travel a long distance through the organism to reach the cell they are signaling to Two Ways for Cells to CommunicateIntracellular Receptors:-the signal passes through the membrane and goes straight to the nucleus of the cell Ex) estrogen, progesterone, NO, vitamin DCell Surface Receptors - Water Soluble Hormones: embedded in the plasma membrane and face out of the cell surface o When the hormone binds to the receptor a signal transduction pathway (a change caused by the change in shape of the receptor) is formed which is how small amounts of hormones have such large
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