HLTH 1000 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 7Top Reason Students Drink: 1. Cope 2. Conform (fit in)3. Enhancement4. Social Alcohol and Student Life - #1 cause of freshman drop outsStudent Ricks- Misuse of alcohol frequently cited as #1 college health risk - Freshman are most at risk, drink differentlyLow Risk Strategies- Plan Ahead - Eat a meal beforehand - Know what you are drinking - Pace yourself (count your drinks) - Stay with people you know and trust What is one drink? - 12 oz. beer at 4% alcohol - 5 oz. glass of wine at 12% alcohol - 1,5 oz. shot of hard liquor/mixed drink at 40% alcoholBlood Alcohol Content- Absorption (Alcohol IN- Varies)o Kind of drink o Consumption speed o Age, Gender, Body Size - Metabolism (Alcohol OUT- Fixed) Men vs. Women- Women will have HIGHER BAC than man drinking the same amount- Smaller= less blood volume - >body fat- <ADHMetabolism- Some broken down in stomach by Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH)- Liver- metabolizes at 1 drink per hour Binge Drinking- Pattern of drinking that brings BAC levels to .08 or higher- Usually occurs after 4 drinks for women Alcohol Poisoning EMERGENCY: CALL 911Hangover- bodies reaction to being poisoned - Body needs: WATER & TIME Alcohol Abuse-continues use of alcohol despite awareness of problems related to drinking Why people do Drugs? - To change the way they feel But… - Drugs only distort a situation for a little - The escape can be quite unpleasant What are Drugs? - Drugs: any chemical taken to alter the body physically or mentally for non-nutritional purposes - Psychoactive: Drug that alter perception, moods, thoughts, or consciousness- Drug Misuse: Inappropriate use of legal drug- Drug Abuse: use of illegal drug in a way detrimental to health- Psychological Dependence: mental attachment- Physical Dependence: the body’s need for it Addiction: uncontrollable drug craving & use despite problems1. Compulsive behavior2. Loss of Control3. Negative Consequences4. DenialDrugs that Target the Brain’s Reward System- Dopamine: neurotransmitter regulates movement, emotion, motivation, and feelings of pleasure. Quickest Drug into the blood stream: (IV) 30- 60 sec. Caffeine: Most popular mind-altering drugMarijuana: Impairs thinking, problem solving, learning, memory, coordination & judgment. - Long Term effects: same respiratory problems as tobacco smokersPrescription drugs most commonly misused by college students:- Oxytocin, OxycodoneMental Disorder:o A pattern of behavior in an individual that is associated with distress (pain) or disability (impairment in an important area of functioning, such as school or work) or with significantly increased risk of suffering, death, pain, disability, or loss of freedom. Improve Psychological Health - Healthy lifestyle practice- Focus on thing you can control- Seek supportive friends/family - Help someone else Characteristics of a Psychologically Healthy Person - Autonomy- making informed, un-coerced decisions; clearly indicating desires to others- Be confident enough to stand alone, humble enough to know when you need help, and brave enough to ask for it.Depressive (Affective) Disorders- Profound long-term sadness or loss of interest that interferes with normal functioning. Depression by Sex- Men are more likely to self-medicate through destructive, reckless, and risky behaviors. - Women more likely to be associated with anxiety and eating disorders.Anxiety Disorders – - Generalized Anxiety Disorder- persistent feeling of fear, dread and worrying. - Phobia- extreme irrational fear of something that poses little or no real danger.- Test Anxiety- fear of failure, lack of preparation- Time Management, proper prep, sleep3 stages of General Adaptation Syndrome- ALARM- RESISTANCE- EXHAUSTION- CHRONIC Study guide Review Freshmen are most likely victims of crime on college campusesMost crimes happen ON campusTheft is #1 The most important resource is YOU Men are twice as likely to be the victim of a violent crime 80% of sexual assaults are committed by someone the victim knows Simple Assaults account for 2/3 if college student crimes Emotional Intelligence- the ability to accurately sense, assess, and manage emotionsMen are most likely to self-medicate through destructive behaviors Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health disorder & among Women too Panic attacks are sudden feelings without warning Males are more successful at attempted suicide Most of our stressors come from the Psycho-social variety Our stress response was designed for a Pre-historic world Distress- negative stressors Eustress- positive stressors Chronic stressors reflect long-term, life changing events A Drug is any chemical that is taken in order to alter the body physically or mentally for anon-nutritional purpose - Psychoactive Drugs- alter feelings, mood, perception, and brain functioning Marijuana is the most popular illicit drug Inhaling/Smoking will reach the brain quickest When the brain is over stimulated chemically, a sense of euphoria takes place Heroin is the most fast-acting and most abused opiateBinge drinking: 5 in a row for men, 4 in a row for women - Ages 21-25Absorption of alcohol- Small intestine Metabolism of alcohol- Liver / Main enzyme- ADHCigarette Smoking- the leading preventable cause of disease & deaths - Linked to risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease Second Hand Smoke- 250 higher concentration