MC 101 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture 1. Newer Forms of Books 2. Types of Books a. Trade b. Educational c. Referenced. Professional3. Types of Books: Publishing Industry Categories 4. Players in the Book Industry a. Authors b. Publishersc. Editorsd. Booksellerse. Readers5. The Players in Book Publishing6. Contracts and Royalties, Celebrity Authors7. The Editors 8. Publishers9. Promotion 10. The Book Seller11. The Reader 12. Controversies: Censorship13. Most Frequently Banned Books 14. Controversies: Blockbuster Syndrome Outline of Current Lecture 1. Magazine numbers2. Stages of media development 3. First magazines4. Early American magazines 5. General interest magazines6. Muckrakers and social change7. Keys to magazine development8. Mass circulation magazines9. Fall of general interest, rise of special interest10. Adapting to new media 11. Types of magazinesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.12. Consumer test13. Trade magazines14. PR magazines 15. Other types of magazines Current LectureChapter 5: Magazines Magazine Numbers - Magazines account for 6% of media industry revenues in US - A collection of reading matter, issued regularly - Periodical; term for magazines based on their regular interval of publication Stags of Media Development: Magazines TEST- Elite: for riches and best educated- Popular: Mass audience takes advantage - Specialized: Tends to demassify, breaking up into segments for audience members of diverse andspecialized First Magazines TEST- Germany 1663: Edifying Monthly Discussions - England 1704: The Review, Daniel Defoe - America 1741: American Magazine, Andrew Bradford; General Magazine, Benjamin Franklin TEST- Start within 3 days of each other, both fall in 6 months- 1776: 100s had started and failed Early American Magazines T- Specialized Magazines: Late 1700s, Early 1800s; Based on religion, literature, farming, doctors, lawyers, teachers- 1825: <100 in US; 1850>600- Woman’s Magazines: Key Specialized: o Ladies magazines, 1828, Sarah Josepha Hale o Goodey’s Lady’s Book, 1830, Louis Goodey, bought ladies magazine, color illustrationso Lead to others, like ladies home journal 1883General Interest Magazines - Saturday Evening Post, 1821; 1897 Cyrus Curtis - Matthew Brady, photography, Civil War - First to achieve general interest, mass audience - Golden Age of Magazines; 1885-1905- Number double from 3,500 to 7,000- Important Social and Political tools - Munsey Report, cut price from 35 cents to 10 cents, audience rise from 250,000 to 750,000 - Advertising becomes chief source of revenue - CPM (cost per thousand (mille)) became the standard measure ad cost Muckrakers and Social Change TEST- John Bunyun’s Pilgrim’s Progress- Muckrakers: Investigative journalism conducted with the goal of bringing social reform TEST- McClure’s Magazine, Ida Tarbell, Standard Oil monopoly (1902) - Lincoln Steffen’s Shame of the Cities (1904) - Upton Sinclair, The Jungle - Pure Food and Drug Act, 1906, Sherman Anti-Trust Act Keys to Magazine Development TEST- Universal Education - Postal Act of 1879- Rural Free Delivery in 1890s - Paper Costs; wood pulp - Printing technology: Linotype, rotary press- RailroadsMass Circulation Magazines TEST- Cultural Magazines: New Yorker, Harold Ross 1925- Pulps, True Confessions, Cheap Paper and low cultural reach - News magazines: Time, Henry Luce 1923, Others: Fortune, Sports Illustrated- Digests: Literary Digest, Reader’s Digest 1922 by Dewitt and Lila Wallace - Photojournalism, photo essay: Look, Life - Magazines were US national medium until 1920s; advent of radio Fall of General Interest, Rise of Special Interest Magazines- 1950s and 1960s: TV hits general interest magazine ad sales - Ex. Life ends in 1972 - Magazines respond with growth of specialized interest magazines - Special interest magazines: aimed at specific readers with specific concerns and tastes - Southern Living, Field and Stream Adapting to New Media - Rise of new media; develop magazines: EX. Movie magazines- Online magazines; EX. Versions of southern living, time, wall street journal - Webzines: web only, slate (Microsoft)- Global endeavors: Ulrich’s international periodicals directory - 165,000 throughout world; 50 versions of cosmopolitan, etc.A Brief History of Magazines – types of magazines TESTTypes of Magazines TEST- 22,000 total print periodicals in the US - Consumer: 4,000- Trade: 8,000- Public Relations: 10,000- Others: Journals, Comic Books, and Zines - Only 160 are majors: circulation over 500,000 and revenues over 1 million; all are consumer Consumer Magazines TEST- Any magazine that advertises and reports on consumer products and the consumer lifestyle - Publish 3 times a year, at least 3,000 general readers (non-business), at least 16 pages of editorial content - Bacon’s Magazine Directory: 225 market classifications Trade Magazines TEST- Magazines that focus on a particular business and are usually essential reading for people in thatbusiness - Advertise products and services that those industries need- EX: equipment world, overdrive Public Relations Magazines TEST- Magazines produced with the objective of making their parent organization look good - Target a corporation or institution’s employees, customers, stockholders, or dealers- Enhance the corporation or institution’s prestige - HogTales (Harley Owners Group); BMW Magazine (BMW buyers); MacDonald Douglas Retiree Magazine Other Types of Magazines- Professional Journals: Periodicals that doctors, lawyers, engineers and other occupational groupsrely on for information in their field: Brain Research- Academic Journals: Periodicals that publish research in a variety of scholarly fields; scholarly journals; international Journal of Public Opinion Research - Little Magazine: literary magazines with small circulation; poetry, etc- Comic books - Zines: low-cost, self-published magazines by fans of topic