Research methodsExperimental designIVDVCause and effect inferencesLogicCannot vary age-> quasi experiment (no random assignment to groups)Random assignmentInferring CausalityEffects on DV are due to manipulation instead of predefined differences due to samplesScientific methodGoal?Correlational designAssociation between variablesPearson’s correlations: rBetween -1 and 1Direction and strengthNo causationConfounding variablesCannot demonstrate causalityCase studyUsually n=1Rare phenomenonLongitudinalGeneralizeFreudMeasurement considerationsReliabilityRulerValidityVerbal and quant ability -> IQExternalInternalBalance between types of validityImportant in Clinical settingResearch measurement methodsSystematic observation2 common formsnaturalistic observationJaneGoodall- chimpsNatural disasterThe ovalFlirting stylesStructured observationCreated disasterRomantic settings vs. hockey rinkFlirting stylesSampling behavior with tasksNot convenient to observe actual behaviorToo much time (over long duration)Rare behaviorInconsistentExamplesValidExternalInternalSampling construct with tasksIQ, mental abilityMemorizing list-> memory, cognitive flexibilitySelf reportResponse biasYea-nay sayingSocial desirabilitySuggestive phrases or wordsExamplesWhy do you think the death penalty should be banned?Vs.How do you feel about the death penalty?ValiditySample sizePSYX 233 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture Perspectives on Adult Development and AgingA. The life span perspectiveB. The bio-psychosocial frameworkC. The nature vs. nurture issueD. The stability change issueE. The continuity-discontinuity controversy F. The universal vs. context-specific development controversy Outline of Current Lecture II. Research Methodsa. Experimental Designb. Correlational Designc. Case Studyd. Systematic observatione. Sampling behavior w/ tasksf. Self reportCurrent Lecture Research methods Experimental design - IV- DV- Cause and effect inferenceso LogicThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Cannot vary age-> quasi experiment (no random assignment to groups) - Random assignmento Inferring Causality Effects on DV are due to manipulation instead of predefined differences due to samples Scientific method- Goal? Correlational design- Association between variableso Pearson’s correlations: r Between -1 and 1 Direction and strength No causation - Confounding variableso Cannot demonstrate causality Case study- Usually n=1- Rare phenomenon - Longitudinal - Generalizeo Freud Measurement considerationsReliability- Ruler Validity- Verbal and quant ability -> IQ- External- Internal Balance between types of validity- Important in Clinical setting Research measurement methods Systematic observation- 2 common formso naturalistic observation JaneGoodall- chimps Natural disaster The oval Flirting styleso Structured observation Created disaster Romantic settings vs. hockey rink Flirting styles Sampling behavior with tasks- Not convenient to observe actual behavioro Too much time (over long duration)o Rare behavioro Inconsistent- Examples- Valido Externalo Internal- Sampling construct with taskso IQ, mental ability Memorizing list-> memory, cognitive flexibility Self report- Response biaso Yea-nay sayingo Social desirability- Suggestive phrases or wordso Examples Why do you think the death penalty should be banned? Vs. How do you feel about the death penalty?o Validityo Sample
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