PSY 1114 1st Edition Lecture 6Neurons- Think of the brain as a bowl of jello with raisins in ito The raisins are neuronso The jello is called Neuroglial (Glia) They are used to get rid of scar tissue, protect the Neurons, andare responsible for most tumorso Glia are not protection enougho The meninges separate the skull from the brain itself as another layer of protection Dura mater- This is the top layer and the toughest Pia mater- Bottom weakest layer that doesn’t protect as much Arachnoid- Middle space that acts as a middle buffer- Hematomaso Sub-Dura hematoma is a bleed under the Dura matter and above the Pia mater that puts a lot of pressure on the brain Headaches Sleepiness Deatho Epidural hematoma This can lead to a sub-Dura hematoma because it can break into the arachnoid- CSFo This is filtered blood that comes through a special part of the brain that filters it and turns it into a type of water Brings nutrients to the brain Helps protect the brain from trauma Returns to the blood stream and provides hydrationo Hydrocephalus This is the abundance of CSF in the brain- Information from a neuron flows out of the neuron down the axon and out the synapse - Sensory neurons, dendrites, motor neurono We will mainly focus on the motor neuron- Interneuronso Short axonso Communicate short distances - If you touch a tack (Reflex Arch)o Sensory neuron reactso Signal travels up your arm through a long axono Reaches your spinel chordo Reaches interneurono Goes back into a sensory neurono Travels to your muscleso You pull your hand awayo So far you have felt no pain Pain is a different reaction and is completely separate from thatof your reactiono Reflex arch can even be experienced in quadriplegics because it is a reaction that is uncontrollable - Neurons can be electrically activated, chemically activated, and mechanically activated - Myelin sheatho Essentially hot dog buns that are Glia wrapped around the axonso Not all axons have ito Its purpose is to speed up transmitting along the axono Acts a insulationo Prevents cross circuiting - Salutatory conductiono Occurs when you have neurons with Myelino The signal jumps from place to place instead of scooting along- Multiple Sclerosis o This is an auto immune deses that eats away your Myelino This causes cross wiringo Slow