MECH 200 1st Edition Lecture 5Tap Drills- A tap drill is required when the pilot tip of a drill bit is too large/ blunt to drillwithout a lead hole- See chart in Manufacturing handbook for what sizes correlate to what tap drillso Be aware that thread engagement is crucial  Especially when using identical metals Metal could friction weld or gall- This is when the metal bonds rendering the device useless when taken apartManufacturing Timeline: By Material- Stone Age (8,000 BC to 4,300BC)- Copper Age (4,300 B.C to 3,000 BC)o During thisperiod metal tires were developed- Bronze age (3,000 B.C. to 1,000 B.C.)o 1,300 BC  Damascus steel is developed- To this day how it was done is unknown it is one of the hardest metals knowno Iron Smelting techniques are developed- Iron Age (1,000 BC to 100 AD)o 700 BC Iron tires are used in EuropeManufacturing Timeline: By Power- Muscle Powero Human and animal - Wind Powero Sails, and windmills- Water Powero Water Wheels- Steam Powero 1770’s Thomas Newcomen creates first steam engineo James Watt uses electricity in manufacturing- Atomic Powero Generating Electricityo Electronic communicationso ComputerizationTimeline for knowledge- All knowledge was trade secret and closely held- 1456 ADo Johannes Gutenberg develops printing press Consistent and reliable mass communication is born- 1540 ADo VannoccioBiringuccio Published first metallurgy book the Pirotechnia At the time this was seen in the industry as blasphemy Vannoccio thought that knowledge should be shared - 1700 ADo The “Saugus Pot” is developed This is the first foundry pot that can be repeatedly used with no concern for dropping it  It was developed in Saugus, MA in the America’s first Volume Iron Working community- 1763-1775o James Watt created the steam engine condenser and the fly-ball governor This allowed for The limitation of high range RPM’s- 1779o First Iron Bridge is built It was constructed using wood working joinery (No welding)Primary v. Secondary Manufacturing- Primary Manufacturingo Involves obtaining raw material by harvest or extraction methods i.e. mining ores, and cutting down treeso Used to convert raw material into industrial/standard stock i.e. Casting, forging, Rolling, and extrusion- Secondary Manufacturing1. Separating/Subtractive a. Removing material in order to shape 2. Forminga. Displace material shape w/o removing or adding material3. Conditioninga. Internal Structure is alteredi. Example: Heat treatment of steel4. Finishinga. Protective/decorative coating or surface treatment5. Casting/Moldinga. Liquid/Fluid Material is poured into a cavity6. Assembly/Fasteninga. Additive stepsb. Putting together multiple separate pieces7. Transportationa. The physical movement of resources of productsTypes of Secondary Manufacturing: Rated by Product mix and QuantityHighCustom Job Shop FlexibleProductIntermittent/BatchMix Fixed Position ContinuousLow LowQuantityHighPert Chart- Process Evaluation Review Techniqueo Visual timeline or graph of the Project Schedule  Dependent, independent, and sequential operations