CHEM 105N 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture I. Heat EquationII. CalorimetersIII. Energy RequirementsIV. Chemical Properties & ChangeOutline of Current Lecture I. ElementsII. Periodic Table of Elements- Periods and Groups- Metals, Nonmetals, & MetalloidsIII. Dalton’s Atomic TheoryIV. Subatomic Particles- Mass NumberV. Atomic Mass ScaleVI. Atomic Number- # of ElectronsVII. IsotopesCurrent LectureI. Elements:- Pure substances from which all other things are built- Represented by symbols -consist of 1-2 letters-Begin with Capital letter-May be derived from English or Latin nameEx. (English)- Be Beryllium- Ca Calcium- H Hydrogen(Latin)- FeIron- CuCopper- AuGold- Physical Properties of elements are observed and measured without changing its identityThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Ex. Shape, Color, Taste, Density…etc.II. Periodic Table of Elements:-Periods and Groups:-Periods horizontal rows of elements, counted from top to bottom (1-7)-Groupsvertical columns of elements, ordered from left to right (1-18)- Metals, Nonmetals, and metalloids:- These elements can be recognized easily in colored periodic tables- Metals blue, located on the left- Nonmetalsyellow, located on the right- Metalloidsgreen, zigzagIII. Dalton’s Atomic Theory:- Atoms are tiny particles of matter too small to see- Are combinable with other atoms to make compounds - A chemical reaction is the rearrangement of atomsIV. Subatomic Particles:- Atoms contain subatomic particles such as:- Protonspositive charge- NeutronsNo charge- Electronsnegative charge- Same charges REPEL- Opposite charges ATTRACT- An Atom consists of:- A nucleus that contains protons & neutrons within it, and electrons in a large empty space AROUND the nucleus V. Atomic Mass Scale:- Atomic mass unit (amu)- Proton1.007 amu- Neutron1.008 amu- Electron.00055 amuVI. Atomic Number:- Specific for each element- # of protons in an atom- Appears above the symbol for the element in the periodic table- # of protons(+) = # of electrons(-)- Mass Number= Protons + NeutronsVII. Isotopes:- Atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers- Same number of protons but different number of neutrons- Can be distinguished by atomic symbols- Mass numberupper left corner- Atomic Numberlower left
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