PSYC 2606 1st Edition Lecture 4Outline of Last Lecture - I. Introduction to Research Methods II. Definitions of important termsA. natural selection, correlational study, observational study, confounding variable, validity, survey design Outline of Current Lecture - I. Definitions of important terms reviewed A. naturalistic fallacy, correlation, illusory correlation, descriptive research, experimental design, independent variable, dependent variable, standard curveII. Pros and Cons A. correlation, descriptive research, surveyCurrent Lecture - ● Naturalistic Fallacy - error in thinking that because things are a certain way then they should stay that way (ex. men always helping women with technology)● Correlation - a relationship between two variables ○ Illusory Correlation - a correlation that appear to be related when they really aren’t ○ Correlation PROS■ we can learn to relate two things ■ opens up opportunities for more research if you find something statistically significant ■ helps us predict behavior ○ Correlation CONS■ correlation does not mean causation● Descriptive Research - naturalistic observation or in lab observation, case study○ PROS■ measures validity (what it is supposed to measure) ■ naturalistic observation and case study measures the real world (internal validity)■ lab observation highlights external validity ■ describes behavior ■ describes proof of existence○ CONS■ not particularly assigning variables■ the fact that people know they are being observed can change the way they behave■ could be a lot of experimenter bias because they are taking notes on the situation from their personal view ● Surveys ○ PROSThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.■ can get a lot of information cheaply and quickly○ CONS■ people are not responding truthfully to this ■ bias in the people that do decide to respond● Experimental Design - relationship between independent and dependent variable ○ independent variable - the thing that you can change ex sunlight or no sunlight○ dependent variable - the thing that you measure (depending on the independent variable) ex. plant growth ○ a good experiment always has a control group● a standard curve measures standard deviation (statistical portion of psychology)○ based on this we can generate error ○ if p value is less than 0.5, generally it is
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