ZOL 341 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I Recitation II Phases of translation Outline of Current Lecture II Polycistronic mRNA III Genetic code IV Reading frame V Post translation VI Mendel genetics Current Lecture polycistronic mRNA groups of bacterial genes operons share a single promoter and produce polycistronic mRNAs lead to synthesis of several different proteins genetic code translates mRNA into polypeptides transfer RNA tRNA adaptor molecules that interpret and then act on information carried in mRNA have anticodon sequences that are complementary to mRNA codons triplet code all amino acids except methionine and tryptophan are specified by at least 2 codons called synonymous codons wobble most synonymous codons can be grouped into pairs that differ only in the third base a relaxation of the strict complementary base pairing rules at the third base 3 most of the codon reading frame the specific codon sequence as determined by the start codon reading frame starts at every start codon AUG frameshift mutations alter reading frame all the codons after the addition or deletion will specify the wrong amino acids These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute post translation posttranslational polypeptide processing modifies polypeptides into functional proteins by removal or chemical alteration of amino acids protein sorting uses signal sequences to direct proteins to their cellular destinations true breeding produces the same trait after several generations of self fertilization or inbreeding results of monohybrid experiments dominance of one phenotype over the other in the F1 generation remergence of the recessive phenotype in the F2 generations a ration of approximately 3 1 dominant to recessive among F2 phenotypes
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