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UA FSHD 257 - Variations in American Family Life Cont.
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Question of the day:During the Colonial Era, children were believed to be:A) Evil by natureB) Pure by natureC) Silly by natureD) Responsible by natureAnswer: A) Evil by natureAmerican Families Across TimeEvery family is differentFamilies are dynamicUnderstood as products of wider cultural, demographic, and technological developmentsHistory of American Families: Questions to Keep in MindColonial Period (1607-1776)Children were viewed as…?Role if children was…?How were marriages formed?Women’s role in the family was…?1st CenturyChildren were viewed on…?Role of children was…?How were marriages formed…?Women’s role in the family was…?20th CenturyChildren were viewed as…?Role of children was…?How were marriages formed…?Women’s role in the family was…?The Colonial Era (1697-1776)The family was the primary unit for producing goods and caring for the needs of its membersMarriages were arrangedThe wife was not an equal, but a helpmateLike her children, the colonial wife was economically dependent on her husbandColonial Era: Colonial FamiliesMarital Choice romantic love not a factorLove came after marriage, as a duty1/3 of marriages occurred with the bride pregnantFamily Life PatriarchalFor women, constant cycle of childbearing and child rearingColonial Era: Childhood and AdolescenceChildren believed to be evil by natureChildhood not a period of life different from adulthood=small adultAt age 6 or 7 children became apart of adult worldChildren 7 to 12 worked as apprentices or servants, often living with relatives or strangersAdolescence did NOT existThe Colonial Era (1607-1776)African American FamiliesAfrican slaves began arriving in the United States in the early 17th centuryDuring the 17th century and much of the 18th century, enslaved Africans and their descendants faced difficulty forming and maintain familiesChildhood experience was often bitter and harshDespite the hardships placed on them, enslaved Africans and African Americans developed strong emotional bonds and family tiesNative American FamiliesIn the early years of colonization, there were 2 million Native Americans in what is now the United StatesMost families were smallThere was a high child mortality rateMarriage took place between the age of 12 and 15 years for girls and between the age of 15 and 20 for boysChildren began working at an early agePlay, such as hinting or playing with dolls modeled after adult behaviorCeremonies and rituals marked transitions into adulthoodMarriage took place early12-15 for girls15-20 for boysNineteenth Century Marriages and FamiliesColonial family vanished, replaced by modern familyMore egalitarian, less patriarchal, more affectionateIndustrialized and shatteringSelf sufficient farm families became wage earning urban familiesDivision of labor arose!Marriage and families transformedThe family became the focus and abode of feelingsThe Power of LoveLove now the basis for marriageNew basis age women powerAbility to choose whom they would marryLove started at the top and worked its way downWorking class men and women took longer to adoptChanging Roles for WomenTwo most important roles: housewife and motherMade economic sense to have housewifeMaking clothes, growing vegetablesDecline in fertilityEarly 1800’s: 7-10 childrenBy 1900: 3Women controlled frequency of sexChildhood and AdolescenceChildhood innocenceChildren need to be protectedBeginning of adolescenceEconomically dependent on adultsThe African American FamilyThe slave familyFamilies not recognizedChildren deprivedFamilies enduredAfter freedomRenewed vows, because now legal“The traveling time”Families enduredThe Immigrant ExperienceAll family members worked for survivalChildren in labor force earlyMiddle class ideal of motherhood impossibleTensions between family and schoolFamily as a filter for new customs and rulesTwentieth Century Marriages and FamiliesIn early 1900’s families were disrupted by World WarsWomen entered labor force in large numbersAfter war was a time of unprecedented prosperityBreadwinner + Housewife made up about 50% of all familiesSuburbanizationLarge baby boomWomen’s housework time and paid work time decreasedThe Myth of the perfect 1950’s FamilyEffects on women:Alcoholism increasedDissatisfaction with being a housewife seen as a mental illnessTranquilizers developed for women and mass prescribedRemember the Rolling Stone’s song, “Mother’s little helper”?Aspects of Contemporary FamiliesFactors Promoting ChangeEconomic changesTechnological innovationsDemographicsGender roles and opportunities for womenDiversity of Family FormTwo parent familiesDual earner familiesDinks and yuppiesSingle parent familiesBlended familiesEtc.FSHD 237 1st EditionLecture 4Outline of Last Lecture I. Examine the historical development of the kinds of families that predominate in the United StatesII. Compare and contrast the different perspectives and theories based towards family life/development along with analyzing the critiques of each. Outline of Current Lecture III. Explore the diversity among families across different ethnicitiesIV. Outline the historical evolution of normal family roles Current Lecture Question of the day: - During the Colonial Era, children were believed to be:o A) Evil by natureo B) Pure by natureo C) Silly by natureo D) Responsible by nature - Answer: A) Evil by nature  American Families Across Time- Every family is different- Families are dynamic- Understood as products of wider cultural, demographic, and technological developments History of American Families: Questions to Keep in Mind- Colonial Period (1607-1776)o Children were viewed as…? o Role if children was…? o How were marriages formed? o Women’s role in the family was…? These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- 1st Centuryo Children were viewed on…? o Role of children was…? o How were marriages formed…? o Women’s role in the family was…? - 20th Centuryo Children were viewed as…? o Role of children was…? o How were marriages formed…? o Women’s role in the family was…?  The Colonial Era (1697-1776)- The family was the primary unit for producing goods and caring for the needs of its members- Marriages were arranged- The wife was not an equal, but a helpmate- Like her children, the colonial wife was economically dependent on her husband Colonial


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UA FSHD 257 - Variations in American Family Life Cont.

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