BIOL 311 1st Edition Lecture 11) Transplants without a waiting list• 3D Printing with cells  (in the future) to make artificial organs• Tissue engineeringDateline: Organ decellularized vascular scaffold  YOUR STEM CELLS recellularize new organCANNOT BE REJECTED BY THE BODY2) Nanomedicine and immunocology• Using small particles/small molecules to target select tissues or cells3) Synthetic Biology• “Discipline of the synthesis of complex biologically-based or inspired systems that do notexist in nature” • Synthetic “cells” have already been made• Craig Venter  Pigs with designer lungs; approaches transplant problem• Biofuels4) Lab on a chip – miniaturization • Small devices that can be diagnostic ex) thin XXS  a) CD4+ lymphocytes  HIV, b) sepsis  analysis in children 5) Inherited Diseases • ~1,200 genetic tests• Mitochondrial diseases  mothers  all progeny • 3-parent baby  nuclear transplant built on our knowledge of SCNT (Somatic Cell NuclearTransplant) – currently being debated by the FDA 6) Biomarks• Either a molecule or a cell entity or cell which indicates a disease state• New biomarkers  best approach to cure cancer • “Liquid biopsy”  blood or the urine/look to see if there is a disease• Two types: a) non-cellular (CFDNA [cell-free], miRNA, exosomenanovesicle) b) cellular (CTCs [circulating tumor cells] ched from tumors) “tumor burden”7) Star Trek Tricorder• X-Prize contest  competitors (10 finalists, winner gets $10M) • Real time device required (13 health conditions) amongst others8) New Developments in Cancer• Cancer stem cells• Tumor microenvironment• **Genetically engineered cells to fight cancer- genetically modified T cells**9) Biotechnology• Designed to develop drugs, medical devices, etc. to treat human diseasesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.• Druge designs10) Personalized Medicine• Using your own DNA sequence and your proteome to design a patient specific medical treatment regime• Requirements: $1,000 genome-background: 2000- Craig Venter sequenced human genome, 2008- GINA (genetic information nondiscrimination act), 2010- fully implemented• Informed consent- LEGAL• Genetic tests- case study: ’23 and Me’ created a “spit kit” that told you 240+ health conditions, 40+ inherited conditions and ancestry genes  shut down by FDA in 2013• Myriad genetics- BRCA1 and BRCA2 are breast cancer