PSY 274 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last LectureFundamental Attribution ErrorInternal & ExternalPerceptual SalienceDiscounting & AugmentingCounterfactual thoughts- Upward & Downward Counterfactuals- Emotional AmplificationOutline of Current LectureI. Self-PresentationII. Strategies:- Ingratiation- Self-handicapping- Claiming identity- Risky behaviorIII. Favorability vs. PlausibilityIV. Inadvertent Self-PresentationV. 5 Traits:- Openness- Conscientiousness- Extraversion- Agreeableness- Neuroticism VI. Self-MonitoringCurrent LectureSelf-Presentation: Any behavior that seeks to convey some image of self or some information about the self to other people (how we tell people who we are)Strategies:Ingratiation: Using flattery or praise to make yourself likable to another, often higher status person being nice to them (most common)Self-handicapping: Creating obstacles and excuses for yourself, so that if you do poorly you can avoid blaming yourself and don’t look bad. Defensive strategy to save face.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Ex. One way to do this if you think you will fail after you studied for months then you have readymade excuses so they don’t think your dumb. You say you didn’t even study or you were sick so other people don’t blame you.Create obstacles: in a study a group of participants to a test and they were told this test truly showed intelligence and future success, and then they told one group they were going to do well and the other group was told they would do really bad not in between. We also have this other test where these vitamins hinder performance before they take the test, would you like tojoin or not. Those who were told they would do bad took the during anyways so that they would not fail because they are dumb but it was the vitamins fault. In this way you are placing responsibility of failure on another source.Claiming identity: putting stickers on your things that represent youRisky behavior: doing things to look cool in front of other people to create the image we want presented out in the worldFavorability vs. Plausibility: People try to present themselves as favorably as they can get away with or within the realm of being believable (we able tend to balance these 2 things while tryingto establish our identity)Ex. I want to look athletic but you wouldn’t say you work out 8 hrs a day because this would not be believable.Modesty and honesty is more natural among friendsThey know the truth Humility helps people get along betterInadvertent Self-PresentationSometimes we intentionally present an image of who we areEven then People gather evidence about our selves from places and facts other than our overt attempts to presentSnoop: book about how what your things say to other peopleMethod: SnoopingPersonality traits assessed via snooping: (5 traits don’t need to memorized them just know about them)OpennessHigh: creative, imaginative, curious, deep thinkers, liking new experiencesLow: Conventional, concrete, traditional, routines, no abstract ideasConscientiousnessHigh: Thorough, dependable, reliable, focused, organizedLow: Disorganized, late, careless, impulsiveExtraversionHigh: Talkative, energetic, enthusiastic, outgoingLow: Reserved, quiet, shyAgreeablenessHigh: Helpful, selfless, sympathetic, kindLow: Fault finding, quarrelsome, critical, harshNeuroticism (*** or emotional stability: this is the only one that if you are too much of one or the other than it can positively or negatively influence your life)High: Anxious, easily upset, worried, moody, low emotional stabilityLow: Calm, relaxed, able to handle stress well, high in motional stability so they just behave like a rockInformation gleaned from offices:Accuracy of Snooping for various traits:OpennessConscientiousnessExtraversionAgreeablenessNeuroticismSelf-Monitoring: People who are high in self-monitoring look for cues in the situation to tell them how to behave, whereas those who are low in self-monitoring use their own values and motives to guide their behavior Willingness to be the center of attentionSensitivity to the reaction of othersAbility and willingness to adjust behavior to induce positive reactions in