AVS 101 1st Edition Lecture 5Vitamins 1913 Funk worked with compounds Vital amines à Vitamines à Vitamins Needed for body metabolismSmall amounts Fat solubleA, D, E & K Water solubleAll the rest Contain C, H & O Organic compoundsMetabolically essentialNot necessarily dietary essentialVitamin C needed by human, manufactured in dog Essential for growth and maintenance Precursors in foodConverts beta caroteneVitamin AFUNCTIONS• Prevents night blindness• Helps normal epithelial cells inner/outerBone problems à calcificationHypervitaminosis = excess intake of a vitamin• In animal, due to feed error• Can cause à anorexia, cessation of menstrual cycle and skin discolorationVitamin DFUNCTIONS• Bone calcification• Bone is not static• Constantly changing – Vit D, Ca, & PThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.• Calcium absorption• Enhances absorption of Ca/P from intestineOsteoporosis• Estrogen therapy – has negative side risk of certain cancers• Recommendation: Ca intake & exercise Vitamin E (alpha tocopherol)FUNCTION• Antioxidant• Reproductive processes• Neuromuscular activity• Rare in humans à found in many foods• In animals à storage of feed causes deficiencies• White muscle disease à degenerative muscle disease• Stiff gait, pain walking or inability to stand• Common in calves• Muscular dystrophy - dogs, rabbits, guinea pigs & rats• Irreversible• Occurs in young animalsVitamin K• Coprophagy – feces eating • Rodents obtain Vit K by coprophagy• Not normal in all animals• Synthesized in large intestine• Massive doses usually not toxic• Poultry prone to Vit K deficiency• Short intestine - dietary• Deficiency in people is rare/more common in
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