EDP 363 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. 3 Ways to Make Value StatementsII. Thought PaperOutline of Current Lecture I. Thought Paper ReviewII. Test MaterialIII. Commonalities among the Oldest ReligionsIV. Goddesses of Agriculture V. AthenaVI. Zeus and LedaVII. NavajoVIII. HinduismCurrent LectureI. Thought Paper Reviewa. The beginning of class was spent breaking up into small groups to discuss our thought papers. Professor Brownstein went on to survey the class to see how many people preferred each of the three ways to make value statementsb. If you prefer value statements to be made as opinions, beliefs and/or preferences, than you are giving up the power to punish people when you don’t get your wayi. If you claim to want value statements to be made as opinions, beliefs and/or values but don’t want to give up this power, than you are actually making demands1. i.e., If you say, “I would prefer you get me a glass of water” and the person you are talking to says “no”… if you get upset with them because of their response (which doesn’t agree with your wants), than you are actually making a demand, but hiding it in the wording of an opinion, belief, and/or preferenceII. Test Materiala. Use the textbook as a backup for the reading. If a topic is mentioned in lecture, than anything relating to that topic in the textbook is fair game for the exams. Anything that is not in the textbook but is mentioned in the lecture is also fair These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.game. If a topic is in the textbook but it is not mentioned in lecture, than it will not be on the exam.b. READ CHAPTERS 1 AND 2 FROM THE TEXTBOOKIII. Commonalities among the Oldest Religionsa. Had both male and female gods i. Were equal in number as well as powerb. All gods were sexual (had genitals and used them)i. “All gods were horny”ii. *THERE WAS NO SEPERATION BETWEEN SEXUALITY AND SPIRITUALITY*c. All religions had virgin birth stories (see ‘d’ below)IV. Goddesses of Agriculturea. They were all female because they represented fertility; they are usually shown/depicted in a state of pregnancy and/or being of larger size.b. The Earth itself is female and gets pregnant. All things on Earth were “birthed” from the Earth itself.i. Languages that use masculine and feminine pronouns (i.e., romance languages): Earth is feminine and sky is masculine.c. Early spring is when the Earth resurrects so people would go to the temple to celebrate the goddesses and pray for their crops to grow.i. Men would go to the temple to have sex with the goddesses (to please them) but found extreme difficulty because they could not see the goddesses, and therefore could not find their genitals.ii. Temple Priestesses (humans) served the gods/goddesses in their temples.1. Men would have sex with the Priestesses because the Priestesses could then transfer their pleasure to the gods/goddesses.V. Athena (goddess of wisdom)a. All early religions had stories of virgin births i. Gods favored people who believed in themii. Athena was born out of Zeus’s head (virgin birth)1. Note: wisdom comes from the head, not the genitalsVI. Zeus and Ledaa. Zeus fell in love with a Greek maiden (Leda) and wanted to have sex with her, butwas afraid to come down to Earth as Zeus because his god-form might scare her. So he came down as a swan instead and they (Zeus in swan form and Leda) had sex.b. Leda gets pregnant and had twins who became the founders of RomeVII. Navajoa. Spiderwoman led the Navajo from the underground world up to the surface of the Earthb. Important takeaway: anything that can give you life can give you deathi. *Gods are powerful, sexual and can give you life or deathVIII. Hinduisma. Also has sexual male and female gods of equal powerb. Lingum (Linga) – penisc. Yoni – vaginad. Hindu statues at temples had “graphic” art and sculptures depicting sexual activitiesi. The British conquered India in the 1850s, were offended by what they saw in the Hindu temples and put a stop to it.e. Story of Krishna – the 4 ways of kissing and 8 different positions of sexf. Yoga – connecting humans with the spiritual realmi. Tantric yoga – sexual energy to experience spiritual union; sexual energy to connect with an orgasm1. 4 parts of the Orgasma. Have no thoughts (opens the mind to the great nothing/the great silence)i. The mind has a small seizure and can’t create thoughtsb. Pure pleasure that overrides painc. Wish no one harmd. Symbolic of