CHEM 105N 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I. Potential vs. Kinetic EnergyII. Temperature ScalesA. Celsius to FahrenheitB. Fahrenheit to CelsiusC. Kelvin ScaleIII. MatterA. Pure substances-Elements-CompoundsB. MixturesOutline of Current Lecture I.States of Matter-Solids-Liquids-GasesII.Physical PropertiesIII.Physical ChangeIV.Heating Curve & CalculationsV.Cooling Curve & CalculationsVI.Heat of FusionVII.Heat of VaporizationVIII.Specific HeatCurrent LectureI. States of Matter:-Solids- Definite shape- Definite volume- Particles are close together & vibrate slowly in fixed positions- Liquids- NO definite shape- Definite volume- Particles are close together & move slowly in random directions- GassesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- NO definite shape- NO definite volume- Take same shape and volume as their container- Fast moving particles that have little attraction to each otherII. Physical Properties:-Are observed/measured without the identity of a substance being affected-Seen with the naked eyeIII. Physical Change:- Change in state-Change in physical shape-NO change in identity or composition of substanceEx. Melting Boiling Condensing Freezing-Sublimation: Solid STRAIGHT to Gas (skips liquid)-Deposition: Gas STRAIGHT to Solid (skips liquid)IV. Heating Curve & Calculations:-Change in state- Heat Added-Solid (Melting point) Solid/Liquid Liquid(Boiling point) liquid/gasGasV. Cooling Curve & Calculations:-Change in state- Heat Removed-Steam(condensation) steam/waterwater (freezing point) water/iceiceVI. Heat of Fusion:-Amount of heat released when 1g of liquid Freezes-Amount of heat needed to Melt 1g of solid-Water’s heat of fusion is (80 cal/1 g water)-Heat = g water x (80 cal/1 g water)VII. Heat of Vaporization:-Amount of heat: absorbed to vaporize 1g of liquid gas (@ boiling point)released when 1 g of gasliquid (condenses at boiling point)-Boiling Point of Water: 100 degrees Celsius -Water’s Heat of Vaporization: (540 cal/1 g water)VIII. Specific Heat:-How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 1g a substance by 1 degree Celsius (different for each substance)- T= Change in Temperature- In SI System: units = Joules (J)/Grams (g)- In Metric System: units = Calories (cal)/Grams (g) Celsius (C°)- Specific Heat (SH)= (heat/grams x T) = (cal/1g x
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