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UW-Madison COMARTS 155 - Lenses, Focal Length and Depth of Field

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Lecture 1Outline of Current Lecture I. Focal LengthII. ApertureIII. Depth of FieldIV. Shutter SpeedV. Film “Speed”VI. ISOCurrent Lecture Focal Length Definition: Distance from the center of the glass elements that make up the lens to the image plane (a light sensitive surface) Zooming in creates a long focal length (telephoto) while zooming out creates a shorter focal length (wide angle) Telephoto makes a space look more compressed; it blurs the background and makes the focus pop. Wide angle brings a lot more into focus. Aperture This is how much light we’re letting into the lens. The higher you set the F-Stop, the less light you allow in. f/5.6 or f/5.8 gives lighting for the best dynamic range.  Changing the aperture can allow you to capture things in shadows without them being black, or capturing things in light without them being over-exposed.  Depth of Field DOF is the amount of area that will be in focus at a given distance Three factors control DOF” Focus Focal length Aperture Greatest DOF at: Wide angle lens (shorter focal length) Smaller apertures letting in less light (higher f-stop) Focus ring set at infinity Shutter Speed Definition: How long the shutter exposes the camera’s sensor to light 50=1/50 sec 2”=2 sec Slower speeds: more light, but more chance of blurThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. COM ARTS 155 1st Edition Faster speeds: less light, less blur.  Film “Speed” High speed=more light sensitive=”fast” filmstock=more grainy Low speed=requires more light=”slow” filmstock=”richer blacks and colors ISO ISO is digital film speed; it is the same as gain setting GH2 ISO ‘Sweet Spot’: ISO 640 Higher begins to introduce noise and color distortion Lower ISOs will likely be dark in most situations If you are shooting on “slow” ISO or film, you will need more light and a wider aperture (lower f-stop). If you want a large depth of field, you should consider A) wide angle lens & B) smaller aperture (higher


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UW-Madison COMARTS 155 - Lenses, Focal Length and Depth of Field

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