BCHM 4116 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Current Lecture I Biochemistry 4116 Overview II The Central Dogma Challenging the Central Dogma Current Lecture Biochemistry 4116 Overview 1 2 3 4 5 6 Key structures and their structures and functions DNA RNA 3 R s of genetic material Genes functional proteins How do cells receive and respond to signals New trends and advances Practical examples and approaches The Central Dogma Transcription DNA Reverse Transcription Translation RNA Retroviruses RNA is transcribed to DNA PROTEIN prion Epigenetics mRNA Ribozyme Genetic material Challenging the Central Dogma These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 1 DNA deoxyribonucleic acid a DNA is transcribed to RNA b Generally used as genetic material c Epigenetics DNA has information but not necessarily the code for all the information environmental effects methylation d DNA is transcribed to RNA which is an information intermediate 2 RNA ribonucleic acid a RNA is translated to proteins b Retroviruses these viruses use RNA as genetic information storage and use reverse transcription to make DNA c Functions as an information intermediate 1 d Functions as a store of genetic information RNA World Hypothesis 2 e Has catalytic function mRNA ribozyme 3 i Not just an information intermediate like a protein it can perform catalytic activity like a protein enzyme 3 Protein a The manifestation of the information stored in the DNA to make a functional protein b Gene expression the process of taking genetic code DNA or RNA for retroviruses and expressing it as a protein c Prion conformation or structure of a protein contains information can be passed on to other proteins making these prions infectious i Information can be stored in a protein structure not just the code to make the protein RNA World Hypothesis RNA is the origin of life This one molecule can perform the functions of all three components of the central dogma It can store information as DNA does It can act an information intermediate as RNA does and it can have catalytic function as proteins enzymes