Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Increasing Emphasis II. Research Methodsa. Cognitive Psychology draws upon many research methodsIII. Ways of thinking about Cognitive Psychologya. Four Paradigms from the study of Cognition i. Information Processingii. Connectionismiii. Evolutionaryiv. Ecological Outline of Current Lecture I. Why study the Brain?II. Cognitive Sciencea. 1970’sb. David Marri. Computationalii. Algorithmiciii. Implementation III. YouTube Clipsa. Loosing Who You Are The Frontal Lobes: Cognition and Awareness b. Traumatic Brain Injuries: Effects of Damage to Different Lobes of the BrainIV. From Stimulus to ResponseCurrent LectureI. Why study the brain?a. Cognitive Psychology: study of mental processesb. Why should cognitive psychologists care about the brain?II. Cognitive Sciencea. In the 1970’s, the field of cognitive science was formed from the intersection of several fields, including psychology, linguistics, and computer scienceb. David Marr (1945-1980)i. Levels of explanation1. Marr proposed three levels at which a psychological process could be understooda. Computational i. What is the problem that has to be solved? PSY 2601 1st Edition1. Ex: in list recall, the sequences of an unfamiliar list must bereplicated. b. Algorithmic i. What is the sequence of steps that underlies this?1. Ex: for list recall, storage in a buffer; rehearsal.c. Implementationi. How can it be realized physically?1. Ex: cognitive processes of connectionismIII. YouTube Clipsa. Loosing Who You AreThe Frontal Lobes: Cognition and Awarenessi. Bill has a brain aneurism in the frontal lobeii. Before aneurismplanner, good memory, self-confident, leaderiii. After aneurismdoesn’t have the capacity to apply and problem solve anymore, didn’t lost his intelligence iv. Not a lawyer anymore b. Traumatic Brain Injuries: Effects of damage to different lobes of the Braini. Frontal lobebehaviors and controls: injury sequence, decision making issues, decreased attention, problem solving issues, verbal expression decreasingii. Temporal lobe hearing: injury selective attention, sexuality changes, spoken word issues, aggressive behavior, issues with identification of faces and objectsiii. Parietal lobe high-level functioning: injury difficulty naming objects, problems processing tactile sensations, academic skill sets fall, cognitive ability decreases, confusion between left and right side, hand-eye coordination issues IV. From Stimulus to Responsea. Stimulus comes from external worldi. StimulusReceptorsSensory Relay NucleiThalamusPrimary Sensory AreasSecondary Sensory AreasAssociation CortexPrefrontal Cortex/Secondary Motor CortexPrimary Motor