NSCI 110 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. The central nervous system mediates behavior through the spinal cord, brainstem, and forebrainII. The brainstem includes:a. Hindbrainb. Midbrain c. Diencephalon III. The forebrain consists of six cortical layers that are divided functionallyIV. Cranial nerves are controlled by the brain and participate in the somatic division of the nervous systemOutline of Current Lecture I. Dermatomes are body segments that correspond with a specific spinal cord segment II. Neurons are specialized in information processinga. Unipolar, bipolar, multipolar neuronsIII. Neurons can be divided functionallya. Collecting informationb. Integrating informationc. Sending informationIV. Nodes of Ranvier are located between myelinated segments of axons and allow for salutatory conduction in neuronsCurrent LectureI. The cranial nerves can be divided functionallya. Sensory: olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlearb. Gustatory: facial, glossopharyngeal, vagusc. Eye musculature: oculomotor, trochlear, abducensd. Mixed motor and senory: trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vaguse. Speech motor: trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, hypoglossalf. Primary motor: accessory, hypoglossalg. Parasympathetic: oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus (slows heart rate)II. Dermatomes are body segments that correspond with a specific spinal cord segment a. Motor and sensory effectsi. i.e. shingles (chicken pox virus lies dormant in spinal fluid)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.CELLS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEMIII. Neurons are specialized in information processinga. Unipolari. Extension bifurcates into one long processii. Somatosensory neurons (dorsal root ganglia)iii. Not many collaterals because of the need for precise sensory infob. Bipolari. Two processes, most commonii. Sensory neurons (visual, auditory)iii. Not many collaterals because of the need for precise sensory info c. Multipolar i. Multiple processes one axon and numerous dendritesIV. An axon may have many collaterals a. Dendritic arborization is the system of branched dendritesV. Synapse includes the synaptic gap and pre/post-synaptic membranesVI. Functional division of a neurona. Collecting information (dendrites)b. Integrating information (at axon hillock)i. Where the info is converted into an action potential if threshold at membrane is reachedc. Sending information (along the axon)i. Sent to terminal, where info is passed on to targetd. An axo-axonic synapse occurs when a terminal button arrives at another axone. Nissl body in the rough ER helps in packaging proteins for membranei. Microtubules aid in transporting molecules, run along axon ii. Mitochondria appear more often in axon terminals and dendrites becauseenergy is needed at synapsesVII. More morphologya. Node of Ranvier occurs between myelinated portions of an axoni. Allows saltatory
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