HST 010 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture Outline of Current Lecture Current LectureLecture 2- Crisis and Recovery on 14th-and 15th- Century EurasiaThe Crisis of the “long 14th century,” c 1300-1400sCrisis defined as “a vitally important or decisive stage in the progress of anything; a turning point..”(Oxford English dictionary)Tripartite periodization of History Ancient to 500 CE(AD)Medieval Era to 1500Modern Era to presentProblematic as it imposes on world a system that is more European (even problematic in Europe)Tripartite terms are somewhat arbitrary. Course focuses on somewhat modern era starting in 1500 approx.-this start in 1500 can sort of be connected to tangible event which was serious beginning of interlinking of world by Europeans, especially with west.-This period of Crisis (Long 14th century)Natural and human factors Natural factorsGlobal cooling and climate instability (lasted into 1600s) - Subsequent instability in weather (draught, to much moisture, winters too long)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Consequences were both food scarcity(price increase) and famine( not enough food) - Period up to 1300s was an age of growth (900-1300) increase population and there was favorable growing seasons and In parts of Asia were depopulate due to Mongolian raiding (13 million supposed dead)Following growth there is a mass death toll. -Pandemic of “Black Death” between 1330-1350 (flees carried bacteria and were on rats) -Was Bubonic plague in 500s also that caused massive number of deaths -It is believed that the Mongol Empire may have accidentally assisted this growth as it is believed to have come from Mongolia and was spread via Mongol Empire into China, and then to rest of Afro-Eurasia via trade routes . -“Black Death” refers specifically to these to decades, and probably killed 30-50 % were killed -Plague continues every 10-15 years (become more localized however) and prevent population growth. -With smallpox, TB, influenza, malaria, dysentery all helped prevent population growth. -Northern Europe recovers slowest (took 1580 to re-reach 1300 levels) -Mongol Empire could be considered victim.Crisis and Recovery in China -Famine and plague lead to population and economic decline -Warlords and anti-mongol rebellions (red turbans big roup) -Mongols kicked out and Chinese rebel leader becomes emperor under Mind dynasty (Zhu Yuanzhang)Chinese subsequently begin to bring back beliefs and philosophies-Bureaucratic governmentImportant traditional norms of social hierarchy- Bureaucratic governmentTradition trades/Crisis in Christendom/ EuropeMany wars (1337-1453, but this is not continuous) France-and England biggest enemies (Scotland, Iberia, low countrie)Massive amount of warMuch of hundred year war was fought by mercenaries-Other big war (central Europe) against Hussites 1420-36War is a creator, and destroyer-Rural and urban insurrectionsRise of the Ottoman Turks ( following decline and destruction of Mongol empire)Ny 1390( controlof Balkins)Tamerlane gains power of Chagatai khanateCrisis in Western, Central and South Asia.Tamerlane gains power of Chagatai