I. Critical Thinkinga. barriers continuedi. why?II. Scientific Methoda. Theoryb. Hypothesisc. ResearchIII. “Good Theory”a. True vs Good TheoriesIV. Goals of Scientific ResearchI. Facilitated communication controversyII. Research designsa. Case studyb. Naturalistic observationc. Participant observationIII. Advantages of observation studiesIV. Problems of observation studiesFacilitated Communication ControversyAll claims of sexual abuse produced negative (false) outcomesSet up comparisons and logical questions regarding situationQUESTIONSEx. Is same facilitator used/ is this important to make method work?Ask specific questions to disabled person and have them replyShould facilitator be allowed to hear/view questionsRESEARCHDouble blind testDifferent pictures for child/facilitatorParents reactions to FC working without being tested= example of affect biasFC theory = NOT FALSIFIABLEResearch DesignsDescriptive= observing and notifying behavior of people or other animals to provide a systematic and objective analysis of behavior1. Case study: intensive examination of unusual (may not apply to everyone) people or organizationsex. Temple grandin or James Holmesproblems:1) small sample size (wont apply to general population)2) can be subjective (researcher may only notice behavior = to preconceived ideas2. Naturalistic Observationpassive observation where subjects may not know they’re being watchedproblems3. Participant Observationactive involvement by researcherex. Festinger study (infiltrating doomsday cult)Advantages of Observation studiesTake place in real worldUseful in early stages, generate hypothesisProblems of observation studiesSubject reactivityBehavior may change when one knows they’re being watchedLack of informed consentPrivacy concernsDeceptionEthical issuesPSYCH 1000 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last LectureI. Critical Thinkinga. barriers continuedi. why?II. Scientific Methoda. Theoryb. Hypothesisc. ResearchIII. “Good Theory”a. True vs Good TheoriesIV. Goals of Scientific Research Outline of Current Lecture I. Facilitated communication controversyII. Research designsa. Case studyb. Naturalistic observationc. Participant observationIII. Advantages of observation studiesIV. Problems of observation studiesCurrent LectureFacilitated Communication Controversy- All claims of sexual abuse produced negative (false) outcomes- Set up comparisons and logical questions regarding situationo QUESTIONSo Ex. Is same facilitator used/ is this important to make method work? o Ask specific questions to disabled person and have them replyo Should facilitator be allowed to hear/view questionso RESEARCH Double blind test Different pictures for child/facilitator o Parents reactions to FC working without being tested= example of affect biaso FC theory = NOT FALSIFIABLE Research Designs- Descriptive= observing and notifying behavior of people or other animals to provide a systematic and objective analysis of behavioro 1. Case study: intensive examination of unusual (may not apply to everyone) people or organizations ex. Temple grandin or James Holmes problems:  1) small sample size (wont apply to general population) 2) can be subjective (researcher may only notice behavior = to preconceived ideaso 2. Naturalistic Observation passive observation where subjects may not know they’re beingwatched problemso 3. Participant Observation active involvement by researcher ex. Festinger study (infiltrating doomsday cult) Advantages of Observation studies - Take place in real world- Useful in early stages, generate hypothesis Problems of observation studies- Subject reactivityo Behavior may change when one knows they’re being watchedo Lack of informed consento Privacy concernso Deceptiono Ethical