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UA ATMO 336 - Temperature, pressure,+ density of the atmosphere
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ATMO 336 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture II. Gasa. Defining gas, liquid, and solidsIII. Kenetic Modela. Temperature of a gasb. Number density of a gasc. PressureIV. Ideal gas lawa. Gas law equation : pressure= temp x number density x constantb. Hold number density constantc. Hold pressure constantV. Relationship between 500mb and air temperatureVI. Thickness: a better estimate for air temp near grounda. 2 reasons for misleading informationVII. Composition of the atmosphere (nitrogen and Oxygen mainly)VIII. Trace components of the atmospherea. Water vaporb. Carbon dioxidec. Methaned. Nitrous oxidee. Ozonef. AerosolsOutline of Current Lecture IX. Temperaturea. Troposphereb. Tropopausec. Stratosphered. Mesospheree. Mesopausef. ThermosphereX. Densitya. Defining air density, can be easily compressedXI. Pressurea. Defining air pressureb. Avg. air pressure= 14.7lbs per square inchc. Defining hydrostatic balanceThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.d. Equation for comparing ratio of air pressure to ratio of weighte. Drawing showing differences in water and air pressureCurrent LectureVertical structure of the atmosphere- Temperatureo Troposphere: warmest at ground and decreases in temp with height. Reason why is because the air in lower atmosphere is heated by ground surface as it absorbs sunlight. Air temp decreases with increasing height at an average rate of 6.5 degrees Celsius per 1000 meters (or 3.6 deg. F per 1000 ft.) 75% of total mass of atmosphere All weather happens here Temperature inversion: layer of air in troposphere where the air temperature actually increases with altitude (common during sunrise)o Tropopause: temp stops decreasing and becomes nearly steady. Acts as a “lid” on rising air motion and allows clouds to form in troposphere as it confines themo Stratosphere: temperatures increases with height from beginning of stratosphere to end. Ozone layer: protects from UV radiation  Ozone molecules consist of very small percentage of all air molecules in the stratosphereo Mesosphere: temperature once again decreases with height.o Mesopause: temp constanto Thermosphere: temperature increases with height- Densityo Air density= number of molecules per unit volume (number density)o Air held to the earth by gravityo Air can be easily compressed (unlike solids and liquids)o Air density greatest at the surface or sea level and decreases as you move up into the atmosphere- Pressureo The amount of force exerted over an area of surface is called air pressureo Average air pressure at sea level= 14.7 pounds per square incho Pressure force acts in all directions, not just downwardo Hydrostatic balance= balance that exists between the gravitational force pushing air downward and the upward directed pressure forceo Ratio of air pressure is equivalent to a ratio of weighto Typical 500mb height is about 5500 meters (or 5.5km) above sea levelo On average, the air pressure approx. drops in half for every 5.5km increase in altitude This infers that 75% of atmosphere exists in troposphere and the remaining 25% exists above


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UA ATMO 336 - Temperature, pressure,+ density of the atmosphere

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