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APPALACHIAN BIO 1201 - Organic Compounds
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BIO 1201 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I.Reductionist View of BiologyII.Chemistry of Lifea.Chemical BondsIII.WaterOutline of Current Lecture IV.Organic CompoundsV.Four Major Molecules of LifeCurrent LectureI. Organic Compounds: contain at least one carbon and one hydrogen atoma. C is stable when forming 4 covalent bondsb. H is stable when forming 1 covalent bondc. They can be combined in lots of different ways to make a lot of different structures that do different things; life uses all of theseII. 4 major molecules that life uses (life uses a small number of building blocks in different ways)a. Sugars (monosaccharides): make up carbohydrates, such as cellulose (plant fiber), starch, and glycogenb. Fatty Acids (long chain of C+H with a carboxyl group at one end): make up fatsi. Saturated fats: when carbons are connected to each other by single bonds, thus being surrounded by the maximum number of hydrogens; these are solid because the molecules make straight chains that can easilystack—ex: butter; “bad” fats because can get stuck in arteriesii. Unsaturated fats: when there is a double bond between adjacent carbons, causing some hydrogen to be lost; the molecule is bent, so it forms liquids because they don’t stack as easily—ex: oil; “good” fatsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Polyunsaturated fats: when there are multiple double bondsc. Amino acids: make proteinsd. Nucleotides: make nucleic acids


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