I. Types of MicroorganismsA. Bacteria-single celled, prokaryotic organism (no membrane-enclosed areas in cytoplasm)1. Cell wall with peptidoglycanB. Archae- prokaryotic, cell wall w/o peptidoglycan1. Many are extremophiles (hot springs, thermal vents)C. Eukaryotes1. Fungi- contains membrane-bound organellesa) Unicellular (yeast); Multicellular (mushrooms)2. Protozoa- single-celleda) Free-living or parasitic3. Algae- photosynthetica) Cell wall with cellulose4. Helminthes- multicellular animals, multi-stage life cyclea) Roundworms and flatwormsb) Parasitic and free-livingD. Viruses- extremely small microorganisms that have no metabolism outside of host cellII. Microbes—Protection or DiseaseA. There are approximately 10 trillion cells in the human body and 100 trillion microbe cells on or within the body1. Question of whether these microbes offer protection or disease to human health arises2. Example of protection: The microbiome in the gut is full of “good” bacteria that aids in digestion3. Example of disease: Staphylococcus aureus (MRSAA) that may infect skin, nose, or throatIII. Compound Light MicroscopyA. Little was known about microbiology until the development of the microscopeB. Resolution- the ability of the lenses to distinguish two points as separateC. Shorter wavelengths of light provide a greater resolutionIV. StainingA. Coloring microorganisms to better observe structuresB. Can be basic (+ charge) or acidic (-charge) for charged structuresC. The sample being used is typically fixed, which means that it is preserved or killedD. Differential stains are useful for identifying general bacterial types1. Examples: Gram (+), Gram (-), or acid-fast bacteriaBIOH 113 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Last Lecture I. Review of syllabus and course descriptionOutline of Current Lecture I. Types of MicroorganismsII. MicrobesIII. Compound Light MicroscopyIV. StainingCurrent LectureI. Types of MicroorganismsA. Bacteria-single celled, prokaryotic organism (no membrane-enclosed areas in cytoplasm)1. Cell wall with peptidoglycanB. Archae- prokaryotic, cell wall w/o peptidoglycan1. Many are extremophiles (hot springs, thermal vents)C. EukaryotesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Fungi- contains membrane-bound organellesa) Unicellular (yeast); Multicellular (mushrooms)2. Protozoa- single-celleda) Free-living or parasitic3. Algae- photosynthetica) Cell wall with cellulose4. Helminthes- multicellular animals, multi-stage life cyclea) Roundworms and flatwormsb) Parasitic and free-livingD. Viruses- extremely small microorganisms that have no metabolism outside of host cellII. Microbes—Protection or DiseaseA. There are approximately 10 trillion cells in the human body and 100 trillion microbe cells on or within the body1. Question of whether these microbes offer protection or disease to human health arises2. Example of protection: The microbiome in the gut is full of “good” bacteria that aids in digestion3. Example of disease: Staphylococcus aureus (MRSAA) that may infect skin, nose, or throat III. Compound Light MicroscopyA. Little was known about microbiology until the development of the microscopeB. Resolution- the ability of the lenses to distinguish two points as separateC. Shorter wavelengths of light provide a greater resolutionIV. StainingA. Coloring microorganisms to better observe structuresB. Can be basic (+ charge) or acidic (-charge) for charged structuresC. The sample being used is typically fixed, which means that it is preserved or killedD. Differential stains are useful for identifying general bacterial types1. Examples: Gram (+), Gram (-), or acid-fast