NSCI 110 1st Edition Lecture 2A. The meninges are the outer covering of the braina. Allows space for circulation of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)b. Provides some buoyancyc. Provides protection against hardness of the skullB. The meninges consist of three layersa. Dura mater (outermost)b. Arachnoid layer i. Subarachnoid spacec. Pia mater (innermost)C. Certain spaces exist between these layersa. Subdural potential space is between the dura mater and arachnoid layerb. The subarachnoid space is between the arachnoid layer and pia materi. Contains CSFD. Dura mater reflections (folds of dura)a. Falxcerebri: fold of dura between the cerebral hemispheresb. Tentorium cerebelli: between the cerebrum and cerebellumc. These reflections form a space for vascular activityi. Superior sagittal sinusii. Inferior sagittal sinusiii. Transverse sinusd. Sinuses are filled with venous blood (returning to the heart)E. The vascular system consists of:a. Internal carotid systemi. Internal carotid arteryii. Anterior cerebral arteryiii. Middle cerebral arteryb. Vertebral basilar systemi. Vertebral arteryii. Basilar arteryiii. Posterior cerebral arteryc. The posterior communicating artery connects the two systemsi. The Circle of Willis is formed: it is an anastomosis (reconnection of two streams that previously have branched out) connecting the anterior cerebral artery to the basilar arteryd. The posterior and anterior communicating arteries constitute the Circle of WillisF. What happens if there is a weak spot in a blood vessel? a. A stroke occurs and can result in a ruptured cerebral artery (a hemorrhage)b. A “berry” aneurysm can cause congenital defectsi. Commonly occurs near brainstemii. If it ruptures, a lethal subarachnoid hemorrhage may occurc. Strokes are more likely to involve the middle cerebral artery…why?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Because it is the path of least resistanceii. An embolus (detached mass) is the most common cause of stroke G. Introduction to the ventricular systema. Gray matter (cell bodies) vs white matter (mostly myelinated axons)b. A ventricle is a cavity that contains CSF (clear liquid made by the chloroid plexus)i. Specialized cells take materials from blood to make
View Full Document
Unlocking...