MGMT 38200 1st Edition Lecture 5Last Lecture OutlineI. Intro to Systems Development Life Cycles II. Concept J & AIII. Objective 1 & 2Current Lecture Outline I. SDLCII. Prototyping III. Outsourcing and Self-sourcingCurrent Lecture I. Traditional SDLC (Like kid game 20 questions) (Non-mgmt/operational level)a. Referred to as the ‘waterfall’ method, or cascade, because it is i. Linear ii. Structurediii. Rigidiv. Bound by lawsv. Thorough, methodical, and slow vi. Never really can go back- except from implementation to design, but thenyou cant re-do all design, just a slivervii. First thing delivered to client = last thing delivered to client b. When you use it1. IPO is well known 2. Routine issues 3. Risk/Failure is low 4. Cost of failure is low II. Prototyping (like kid game hot/cold) (top mgmt.)a. Different from Traditional SDLC because i. Cyclical ii. Less structurediii. Flexibleiv. Fast initial delivery v. First delivered product is rarely the last delivered These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Two Types 1. Evolutionary Prototypes: eventually will evolve into the final product 2. Throw Away Prototypes (proof of concept, or POC): models, drawings, sketches to get an idea (Think: Zoolander)c. Potential Problems with Protyping i. Leads people to think final system will come sooner than it actually will ii. Avoidance in creating formal documentation iii. Lack of testing iv. Project is often hard to terminate—sometimes skip over initiation and planning phase v. No indication of performance in operational conditions vi. Company resources not often used efficiently vii. Don’t usually fit well with other corporation systems (stand-alone) 1. In I&P: measure scope of outcome/quantify it; bid it out d. When you use it 1. IPO is not well-known 2. Non-routine issues 3. Risk of failure is high 4. Cost of failure is high5. Communication problems exist 6. When a concrete form is needed to evaluate – most top mgmt. who signs off on them don’t speak IT so you have to show them e. Client and end-users are involved in prototype processf. Idea is not to exhaust resources but to find the most likely path III. Self-Sourcing (EUD: End user development); person who uses it a. Advantagesi. Requirements determination improvedii. Increased user participation iii. Increased sense of ownership iv. Increased speed of development (sometimes)b. Disadvantages i. Inadequate expertise (Excel, Access)ii. Lack of organizational focus- don’t think about others iii. Insufficient design alternatives (sub-optimal systems)iv. Lack of documentation and external support1. Don’t use comment function in excel for yourself IV. Outsourcing a. Advantagesi. Company focus on core competencies  shoe cobbler going online ii. Better prediction of future forecastsiii. Acquisition of leading edge technology/”Buy” intellectiv. Reduced Cost v. Improved